{"id":11651,"date":"2022-02-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-10T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=11651"},"modified":"2022-02-06T14:05:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-06T06:05:52","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e8%81%b2%e7%84%a1%e6%81%af%ef%bc%9a19%e4%b8%96%e7%b4%80%e6%ad%90%e6%b4%b2%e5%8b%95%e7%89%a9%e6%ad%bb%e4%ba%a1%e5%9c%96%e5%83%8f%e7%9a%84%e8%bd%89%e5%90%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=11651","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u8072\u7121\u606f\uff1a19\u4e16\u7d00\u6b50\u6d32\u52d5\u7269\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u8f49\u5411"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u6587\uff0f\u5433\u8b39\u70ba<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u7576\u6211\u5011\u8a55\u8ad6\u4e00\u5e45\u6709\u95dc\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u6642\u5e38\u6703\u4ee5\u300c\u903c\u771f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u751f\u52d5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6d3b\u9748\u6d3b\u73fe\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\u5f62\u5bb9\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u7cbe\u6e5b\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff1b\u5c0d\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u8868\u73fe\u6700\u9ad8\u8b9a\u8b7d\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u6355\u6349\u4e26\u518d\u73fe\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u53ec\u559a\u7260\u5011\u5230\u89c0\u8005\u7684\u9762\u524d\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u904e\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u7e6a\u756b\u4e2d\u52d5\u7269\u5beb\u5be6\u7684\u63cf\u6479\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u5c0d\u6b7b\u7269\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff1f\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u63cf\u7e6a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u95dc\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u5b83\u7a76\u7adf\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u89c0\u770b\uff1f<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#0000ff;\"><strong>\u7121\u8072\u7121\u606f\uff1a\u52d5\u7269\u4f5c\u70ba\u98df\u7269\u3001\u7375\u7269<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u76f8\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u52d5\u300d\u7269\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u5148\u63db\u500b\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ee5\u300c\u975c\u300d\u7269\u4f86\u89c0\u5bdf\u52d5\u7269\u3002\u300c\u975c\u7269\u300d\uff08Still life\uff09\u82f1\u6587\u76f4\u8b6f\u300c\u975c\u6b62\u3001\u5bc2\u975c\u7684\u751f\u547d\u300d\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e0d\u5916\u4e4e\u975c\u6b62\u4e0d\u52d5\u3001\u7121\u751f\u547d\u7269\u9ad4\u7684\u6392\u5217\u63cf\u7e6a\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> \u52d5\u7269\u5728\u975c\u7269\u756b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u662f\u5df2\u6b7b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8aaa\u4ee5\u300c\u98df\u7269\u300d\u4e4b\u59ff\u73fe\u8eab\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u53e4\u57c3\u53ca\u7684\u5893\u5ba4\u58c1\u756b\u3001\u4f5c\u70ba\u55aa\u846c\u4f9b\u54c1\u3001\u8c61\u5fb5\u4f86\u4e16\u4eab\u7528\u7684\u4f73\u991a\u3002\u6216\u662f\u53e4\u7f85\u99ac\u5225\u5885\u4e2d\u7684\u99ac\u8cfd\u514b\uff0c\u9ce5\u79bd\u3001\u9bae\u9b5a\u5982\u540c\u8089\u54c1\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u8207\u852c\u679c\u540c\u5217\u3010\u57161\u3011\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c961.jpg?ssl=1\" target=\"_blank\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"11653\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11653\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c961.jpg?fit=1770%2C1830&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1770,1830\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;4.5&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;NIKON D70&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1158161520&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;44&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;400&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.016666666666667&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57161\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c961.jpg?fit=990%2C1024&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c961.jpg?resize=597%2C616&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11653\" width=\"597\" height=\"616\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57161\u3011\u975c\u7269\u99ac\u8cfd\u514b\uff0c200\u5e74\uff0c\u68b5\u8ae6\u5ca1\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\uff08Vantican Museum\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u76f4\u81f316\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u975c\u7269\u756b\u65bc\u5317\u65b9\u5c3c\u5fb7\u862d\u7e6a\u756b\u4e2d\u84ec\u52c3\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u7269\u4ef6\u9664\u4e86\u7cbe\u5fc3\u64fa\u653e\u5728\u6253\u5149\u7684\u6697\u5ba4\u5167\uff0c\u66f4\u51fa\u73fe\u50cf\u963f\u723e\u5c91\uff08Pieter Aertsen, ?-1575\uff09\u300a\u795e\u8056\u5bb6\u5ead\u65bd\u6368\u7684\u8089\u6524\u300b\uff08<em>A Meat Stall with the Holy Family Giving Alms<\/em>, 1551\uff09\u3010\u57162\u3011\uff0c\u9019\u985e\u4ee5\u5927\u5c3a\u5e45\u63cf\u7e6a\u4f48\u6eff\u5404\u5f0f\u8089\u985e\u7684\u5e02\u5834\u8089\u8216\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u524d\u666f\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u90e8\u4f4d\u88ab\u5207\u5272\uff0c\u5e36\u76ae\u3001\u5e36\u9aa8\u3001\u4e0d\u5e36\u81df\u5668\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u5782\u639b\u3001\u6216\u76db\u88dd\uff0c\u932f\u843d\u92ea\u6392\u6210\u8089\u8272\u7684\u6846\u666f\uff0c\u900f\u51fa\u51b7\u8272\u8abf\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u9060\u65b9\u5e7d\u5fae\u5730\u5448\u73fe\u65b0\u7d04\u8056\u7d93\u300a\u9003\u5f80\u57c3\u53ca\u300b\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u8056\u6bcd\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\u4e00\u624b\u61f7\u8457\u8036\u7a4c\u3001\u4e00\u624b\u5411\u773e\u4eba\u65bd\u6368\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u4e16\u4fd7\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u984c\u6750\u7684\u4e26\u7f6e\uff0c\u88ab\u8a8d\u70ba\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u8ca1\u5bcc\u8207\u7269\u8cea\u5229\u76ca\u5c0d\u6bd4\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u52f8\u8aa1\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ncartmuseum.org\/object\/a-meat-stall-with-the-holy-family-giving-alms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1034\" height=\"720\" data-attachment-id=\"11654\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11654\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c962.jpg?fit=1034%2C720&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1034,720\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57162\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c962.jpg?fit=1024%2C713&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c962.jpg?resize=1034%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11654\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57162\u3011\u963f\u723e\u5c91\uff0c\u300a\u795e\u8056\u5bb6\u5ead\u65bd\u6368\u7684\u8089\u6524\u300b\uff0c1551\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u5361\u7f85\u840a\u7d0d\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u85cf\uff08North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u5927\u5c3a\u5e45\u3001\u8fd1\u4e4e\u5947\u89c0\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\uff08Frans Snyders, 1579-1657\uff09\u7684\u756b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u96bb\u96bb\u5f9e\u8352\u91ce\u6355\u4f86\u7684\u7375\u7269\u3010\u57163\u3011\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e26\u975e\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u98df\u7684\u52d5\u7269\uff0c\u5982\u5b54\u96c0\u3001\u767d\u5929\u9d5d\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6a23\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u68c4\u7f6e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6210\u5806\u5d29\u843d\u5230\u684c\u9762\u5e95\u4e0b\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u756b\u4f5c\u7531\u8cb4\u65cf\u5927\u516c\u5011\u59d4\u8a17\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5c55\u793a\u5927\u91cf\u83ef\u9e97\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u8eab\u9ad4\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u81ea\u8eab\u64c1\u6709\u7375\u5834\u548c\u72e9\u7375\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u98df\u7528\u800c\u6bba\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u300c\u6709\u80fd\u529b\u300d\u5bb0\u5272\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[4]<\/a> \u6b64\u985e\u5982\u540c\u70ab\u5bcc\u7af6\u8cfd\u7684\u975c\u7269\u756b\u5b58\u7e8c\u4e00\u500b\u4e16\u7d00\u4e4b\u4e45\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u63da\u2027\u83f2\u7279\uff08Jan Fyt, 1611-1661\uff09\u3001\u63da\u2027\u97cb\u5c3c\u514b\u65af\uff08Jan Weenix, 1642(?)-1719\uff09\u767c\u63ee\u6975\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/emuseum.ringling.org\/emuseum\/objects\/23939\/still-life-with-dead-game?ctx=f99df3ef-c9fc-4a87-ab92-cc2ebc499464&amp;idx=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"673\" data-attachment-id=\"11655\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11655\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c963.jpg?fit=1024%2C673&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,673\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57163\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c963.jpg?fit=1024%2C673&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c963.jpg?resize=1024%2C673&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11655\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57163\u3011\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\uff0c\u300a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u904a\u7375\u4e4b\u7269\u300b\uff0c17\u4e16\u7d00\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u7d04\u7ff0\u8207\u6885\u5e03\u723e\u745e\u6797\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u85cf\uff08John and Mable Ringling Museum of Art\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u5927\u81f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u52d5\u7269\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5716\u50cf\u7684\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6307\u5411\u52d5\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5373\u4f86\u4e16\u7684\u9957\u5bb4\u3001\u7cbe\u795e\u7ce7\u98df\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u6216\u662f\u8a87\u8000\u8ca1\u5bcc\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\uff0c\u4f5c\u70ba\u975c\u7269\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u300c\u975c\u6b62\u300d\u7684\u7269\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300c\u5bc2\u975c\u300d\u7684\u8ec0\u9ad4\uff0c\u96e3\u70ba\u81ea\u8eab\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u5c4d\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#0000ff;\"><strong>\u807d\u898b\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u54ed\u558a\uff1a<\/strong><strong>18<\/strong><strong>\u4e16\u7d00\u76e7\u68ad\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5617\u8a66\u70ba\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\u5e73\u53cd\uff0cFrank Palmeri\u5c31\u900f\u904e\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u4ea4\u53cb\u5708\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\u66fe\u63a5\u89f8\u4e26\u8a8d\u540c\u8499\u7530\uff08Michel de Montaigne, 1533-1592\uff09\u548c\u6469\u723e\uff08Thomas More, 1478-1535\uff09\u7b49\u4eba\u53cd\u6feb\u6bba\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002Palmeri\u66f4\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5e2d\u5f97\u65af\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5177\u6709\u96d9\u91cd\u8a9e\u5883\u7684\u7279\u8cea\uff0c\u5373\u300c<span style=\"color:#0000ff;\">\u5b83\u65e2\u8b9a\u7f8e\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u548c\u8ca1\u5bcc\uff0c\u53c8\u8cea\u7591\u6bba\u622e\u6240\u88fd\u9020\u6b7b\u4ea1\u64f4\u6563\u7684\u5947\u89c0\u3002<\/span>\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[5]<\/a> \u78ba\u5be6\uff0c\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u9762\u5c0d\u6b63\u5728\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u7375\u7269\u4e26\u975e\u5168\u7136\u7121\u611f\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u8499\u7530\u3008\u8ad6\u6b98\u9177\u3009\uff08<em>Of Cruelty<\/em>\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u96d6\u7136\u5c0d\u6355\u6349\u5230\u7375\u7269\u611f\u5230\u559c\u6085\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u7121\u6cd5\u76f4\u8996\u6399\u624e\u7684\u7375\u7269\u548c\u7260\u5782\u6b7b\u7684\u53eb\u8072\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">16\u4e16\u7d00\u4ee5\u964d\uff0c\u52d5\u7269\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u89c0\u5ff5\u958b\u59cb\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u8eab\u4e0a\u840c\u82bd\uff0c\u76f4\u81f318\u300119\u4e16\u7d00\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002\u555f\u8499\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u54f2\u4eba\u76e7\u68ad\uff08Jean-Jacques Rousseau, 1712-1778\uff09\u53ef\u8aaa\u529f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6c92\uff0c\u5176\u5177\u6d6a\u6f2b\u8272\u5f69\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5f71\u97ff\u5f8c\u4e16\u6df1\u9060\u3002\u76e7\u68ad\u4e0d\u4f46\u8a8d\u70ba\u61c9\u8a72\u5982\u300c\u9ad8\u8cb4\u7684\u91ce\u883b\u4eba\u300d\u56de\u6b78\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u4eba\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u52d5\u7269\u7686\u662f\u300c\u6709\u60c5\u773e\u751f\u300d\uff0c\u7576\u6211\u5011\u770b\u898b\u540c\u4f34\u6216\u6709\u611f\u53d7\u4e4b\u7269\u9762\u81e8\u75db\u82e6\u6216\u6b7b\u4ea1\u6642\uff0c\u6703\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u5fc3\u751f\u53cd\u611f\u96e3\u53d7\uff1b\u57fa\u65bc\u6190\u61ab\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u61c9\u52a0\u5bb3\u540c\u985e\uff0c\u4ea6\u4e0d\u8a72\u50b7\u5bb3\u6709\u611f\u89ba\u7684\u751f\u7269\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u76e7\u68ad\u5728\u300a\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u57fa\u790e\u300b\uff08<em>Discourse on Inequality<\/em>, 1755\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4eba\u985e\u8a9e\u8a00\u8d77\u6e90\uff08\u5728\u8a71\u8a9e\u9084\u4e0d\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a98\u62d0\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff09\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u54ed\u558a\u8072\uff08cry of nature\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u56e0\u70ba\u9762\u81e8\u5371\u96aa\u548c\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u547c\u6551\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[8]<\/a> \u6216\u8a31\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u88ab\u9019\u7a2e\u672c\u80fd\u7684\u300c\u611f\u60c5\u6240\u56f0\u300d\uff0c\u6bcf\u7576\u6709\u52d5\u7269\u906d\u5230\u8650\u5f85\u6215\u5bb3\u800c\u5436\u558a\uff0c\u7406\u6027\u7684\u8166\u888b\u90fd\u5c07\u70ba\u611f\u6027\u7684\u8072\u97f3\u6240\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u5a01\u5ec9\u2027\u5e03\u840a\u514b\uff08William Blake, 1757-1827\uff09\u8a69\u4e2d\u6240\u8a00\uff1a\u300c<span style=\"color:#0000ff;\">\u7375\u5154\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53eb\u558a\uff0c\u5927\u8166\u7684\u7e96\u7dad\u7686\u6703\u6495\u88c2\u3002<\/span>\u300d<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#0000ff;\"><strong>\u6709\u8072\u7121\u606f\uff1a\u5c4d\u9ad4\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u767c\u8072<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u7e7c\u72e9\u7375\u7af6\u8cfd\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c18\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u82f1\u570b\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u8208\u8d77\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u73a9\u7269\uff1a\u8cfd\u99ac\u3002\u4eba\u624b\u4e00\u672c\u97cb\u745f\u6bd4\uff08James Weatherby, 1733-1794\uff09\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u80b2\u99ac\u5927\u5168\u300b\uff08<em>General Stud Book<\/em>\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u8490\u96c6\u7d14\u7a2e\u99ac\u8840\u7d71\u7684\u60c5\u5831\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[10]<\/a> \u7576\u6642\u4e0d\u5c11\u738b\u5ba4\u8cb4\u65cf\u4e5f\u59d4\u8a17\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u70ba\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u8cfd\u99ac\u7e6a\u88fd\u756b\u4f5c\u3010\u57164\u3011\uff0c\u5716\u50cf\u4e2d\u5f37\u8abf\u99ac\u7684\u9ad4\u683c\u3001\u76ae\u6bdb\u7684\u5149\u6fa4\u8207\u5065\u5eb7\u5065\u5168\u3002<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rct.uk\/collection\/search#\/17\/collection\/400590\/a-bay-gelding\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1550\" data-attachment-id=\"11656\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11656\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c964.jpg?fit=2000%2C1550&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"2000,1550\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57164\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c964.jpg?fit=1024%2C794&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c964.jpg?resize=2000%2C1550&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11656\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57164\u3011\u7d22\u91cc\u2027\u5409\u723e\u5e73\uff08Sawrey Gilpin, 1733-1802\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u68d7\u8272\u7684\u95b9\u99ac\u300b\uff0c1800\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u7687\u5bb6\u4fe1\u8a17\u4fdd\u7ba1\uff08Royal Collection Trust\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u9010\u6f38\u9032\u5165\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u99ac\u5339\u4ecd\u4f5c\u70ba\u52d5\u529b\u7684\u751f\u7522\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5728\u90fd\u5e02\u548c\u9109\u6751\u4e4b\u9593\u52de\u5f79\u3002\u7248\u756b\u5bb6\u7562\u7dad\u514b\uff08Thomas Bewick, 1753-1828\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u7b49\u5f85\u6b7b\u4ea1\u300b\uff08<em>Waiting for Death<\/em>, 1827\uff09\u3010\u57165\u3011\uff0c\u8207\u5f37\u5065\u78a9\u7f8e\u7684\u8cfd\u99ac\u5716\u50cf\u5f62\u6210\u6975\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5dee\u3002\u7626\u9aa8\u5d99\u5ccb\u7684\u8eab\u8ec0\uff0c\u98e2\u5bd2\u4ea4\u8feb\u5730\u7ad9\u5728\u50be\u9839\u7684\u6a39\u6a01\u65c1\uff0c\u7d72\u6beb\u611f\u53d7\u4e0d\u5230\u6d3b\u529b\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u63cf\u7e6a\u8cbc\u8fd1\u5c3c\u67ef\u723e\u68ee\uff08George Nicholson, 1760-1825\uff09\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u4f4e\u7b49\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u300b\uff08<em>The Conduct of Man to Inferior Animals<\/em>, 1819\uff09\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u4eba\u5011\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5e74\u9081\u6216\u808c\u7626\u7684\u99ac\u5339\u88ab\u4e0d\u826f\u5c0d\u5f85\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u56e0\u53cd\u8986\u5730\u88ab\u97ad\u7b56\uff0c\u800c\u7cbe\u795e\u5d29\u6f70\u3001\u8b8a\u5f97\u9072\u920d\u9ebb\u6728\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[11]<\/a> \u9019\u672c\u66f8\u4e0d\u50c5\u7d30\u6578\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u60e1\u884c\uff0c\u66f4\u63d0\u5021\u7d20\u98df\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u7562\u7dad\u514b\u4e5f\u70ba\u6b64\u66f8\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d2\u5716\u3010\u57166\u3011\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c965.jpg?ssl=1\" target=\"_blank\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"582\" data-attachment-id=\"11657\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11657\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c965.jpg?fit=800%2C582&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"800,582\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57165\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c965.jpg?fit=800%2C582&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c965.jpg?resize=800%2C582&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11657\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57165\u3011\u7562\u7dad\u514b\uff0c\u300a\u7b49\u5f85\u6b7b\u4ea1\u300b\uff0c1827\u5e74\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e693b7e58f96.jpg?ssl=1\" target=\"_blank\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1027\" height=\"673\" data-attachment-id=\"11666\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11666\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e693b7e58f96.jpg?fit=1027%2C673&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1027,673\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;asus&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1643232590&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u64f7\u53d6\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e693b7e58f96.jpg?fit=1024%2C671&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e693b7e58f96.jpg?resize=1027%2C673&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11666\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57166\u3011\u7562\u7dad\u514b\uff0c\u300a\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u4f4e\u7b49\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u4f5c\u70ba\u300b\u5377\u9996\u63d2\u5716\uff0c1797\u5e74\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u5091\u5229\u67ef\uff08Th\u00e9odore G\u00e9ricault, 1791-1824\uff091823\u5e74\u300a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u99ac\u300b\uff08<em>Dead Horse<\/em>\uff09\u3010\u57167\u3011\u5247\u9810\u544a\u8457\u99ac\u5339\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u666f\u6cc1\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u7247\u8352\u5730\u4e2d\u5782\u6b7b\u3002\u5f9e\u8352\u5730\u4e2d\u9732\u51fa\u7684\u534a\u622a\u8eca\u8f2a\uff0c\u6697\u793a\u99ac\u5339\u662f\u88ab\u907a\u68c4\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\uff1b\u800c\u9060\u65b9\u6b98\u7834\u7684\u623f\u820d\u524d\uff0c\u4f9d\u7a00\u53c8\u6709\u4e00\u5339\u99ac\u5373\u5c07\u5012\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nga.gov\/collection\/art-object-page.126933.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"847\" data-attachment-id=\"11659\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11659\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c967.jpg?fit=1024%2C847&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1024,847\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u57167\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c967.jpg?fit=1024%2C847&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c967.jpg?resize=1024%2C847&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11659\" \/><\/a><figcaption>\u3010\u57167\u3011\u5091\u5229\u67ef\uff0c\u300a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e4b\u99ac\u300b\uff0c1823\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u756b\u5eca\uff08The National Gallery of Art\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u7d9c\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5782\u6b7b\u3001\u5c07\u6b7b\u6216\u8005\u7cbe\u795e\u4e0a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u7686\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u88ab\u63a9\u98fe\u6216\u8005\u50c5\u4f5c\u70ba\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u6307\u6d89\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u52d5\u7269\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u5c0d\u5f85\u7684\u5beb\u7167\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5728\u7260\u5011\u8eab\u4e0a\u9010\u6f38\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u7a2e\u8072\u97f3\u5e7d\u5e7d\u97ff\u8d77\uff0c\u90a3\u6216\u8a31\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u54ed\u558a\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><span style=\"color:#0000ff;\"><strong>\u5c0f\u7d50<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u70ba\u4e86\u70ba\u300c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u6703\u8aaa\u8a71\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u300d\uff08Our Dumb Friends\uff09\u767c\u8072\uff0c19\u4e16\u7d00\u82f1\u570b\u5404\u5f0f\u52d5\u4fdd\u806f\u76df\u548c\u671f\u520a\u96dc\u8a8c\u6210\u7acb\u767c\u884c\u3002<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[12]<\/a> \u4f8b\u5982\u9632\u6b62\u8650\u5f85\u52d5\u7269\u5354\u6703\uff08Society for the Protection of Animals ; SPCA\uff09\u65bc1824\u5e74\u6210\u7acb\uff0c1840\u5e74\u4ee3\u82f1\u570b\u5973\u738b\u8cdc\u540d\u4e26\u7372\u5f97\u8d0a\u52a9\uff0c\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u9577\u671f\u7d93\u71df\u4e14\u6b77\u53f2\u6700\u60a0\u4e45\u7684\u52d5\u4fdd\u5718\u9ad4\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\">\u6587\u7ae0\u958b\u982d\uff0c\u63d0\u5230\u6211\u5011\u7e3d\u4ee5\u300c\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\u7684\u6b3a\u773c\u6280\u5de7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u53ec\u559a\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5230\u773c\u524d\u300d\u7684\u8a55\u8ff0\u89c0\u770b\u52d5\u7269\u756b\u3002\u800c\u4eca\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u89c0\u770b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a7f\u900f\u5beb\u5be6\u751f\u52d5\u7684\u8868\u8c61\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c0d\u52d5\u7269\u751f\u547d\u66f4\u771f\u8aa0\u7684\u770b\u5f85\uff1b\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u807d\u898b\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u54ed\u558a\u5f9e\u7e6a\u756b\u5e73\u9762\u7684\u6df1\u8655\uff0c\u53cd\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5167\u5fc3\u53ec\u559a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> Still life \u2013 Art Term | Tate: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/art-terms\/s\/still-life\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.tate.org.uk\/art\/art-terms\/s\/still-life<\/a>&gt; (Accessed Nov. 14,2021).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Hans J. Van Miegroet,\u201dStill Life,\u201d <em>Grove Art Online <\/em>(2003): &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oxfordartonline.com\/groveart\/view\/10.1093\/gao\/9781884446054.001.0001\/oao-9781884446054-e-7000081448\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/reurl.cc\/Ddm8X6<\/a>&gt; (Accessed Nov. 15, 2021).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[3]<\/a> Ethan Matt Kavaler, \u201cPieter Aertsen&#8217;s Meat Stall Divers aspects of the market piece,\u201d<em> Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek (NKJ) \/ Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art<\/em> Vol. 40 (1989), pp. 68-70.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[4]<\/a> Frank Palmeri, \u201cA Profusion of Dead Animals: Autocritique in Seventeenth-Century Flemish Gamepieces,\u201d <em>Journal for Early Modern Cultural Studies<\/em>, Vol. 16, No. 1 (2016), p. 55.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[5]<\/a>Palmeri, \u201cA Profusion of Dead Animals: Autocritique in Seventeenth-Century Flemish Gamepieces,\u201d pp. 61-62\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[6]<\/a> Stephen F. Eisenman, <em>The Cry of Nature <\/em>(London: Reaktion Book Ltd., 2003), p. 133.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[7]<\/a> \u76e7\u68ad\u8457\u3001\u674e\u5e38\u5c71\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u8ad6\u4eba\u985e\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u548c\u57fa\u790e\u300b\uff08\u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u5546\u52d9\u5370\u66f8\u9928\uff0c1962\uff09\uff0c\u980167\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[8]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a\u8a3b\uff0c\u980191\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[9]<\/a> William Blake,\u201d Auguries of Innocence,\u201d <em>Poetry Foundation<\/em>: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.poetryfoundation.org\/poems\/43650\/auguries-of-innocence\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/reurl.cc\/e6XZOW<\/a>&gt; (Accessed Nov. 14, 2021).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[10]<\/a> Eisenman, <em>The Cry of Nature<\/em>, p. 150.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[11]<\/a> George Nicholson, <em>The Conduct of Man to Inferior Animals <\/em>(1819), pp. 20-21.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[12]<\/a> \u674e\u9451\u6167\uff0c\u3008\u632a\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\uff1a\u82f1\u570b\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u52d5\u7269\u4fdd\u8b77\u904b\u52d5\u8207\u5927\u773e\u81ea\u7136\u53f2\u6587\u5316\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6210\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\u5b78\u5831\u300b38\u671f\uff082010\uff09\uff0c\u9801134\u3001157\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1679\" height=\"607\" data-attachment-id=\"11668\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?attachment_id=11668\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e692b0e7a8bfe4babae7b0a1e4bb8b.png?fit=1679%2C607&amp;ssl=1\" data-orig-size=\"1679,607\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"\u64b0\u7a3f\u4eba\u7c21\u4ecb\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e692b0e7a8bfe4babae7b0a1e4bb8b.png?fit=1024%2C370&amp;ssl=1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e692b0e7a8bfe4babae7b0a1e4bb8b.png?resize=1679%2C607&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11668\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7576\u6211\u5011\u8a55\u8ad6\u4e00\u5e45\u6709\u95dc\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u6642\u5e38\u6703\u4ee5\u300c\u903c\u771f\u300d\u3001\u300c\u751f\u52d5\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6d3b\u9748\u6d3b\u73fe\u300d\u7684\u5b57\u53e5\u5f62\u5bb9\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u7cbe\u6e5b\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u60f3\u904e\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u7e6a\u756b\u4e2d\u52d5\u7269\u5beb\u5be6\u7684\u63cf\u6479\uff0c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u53d7\u76ca\u65bc\u5c0d\u6b7b\u7269\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\uff1f\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u7576\u5275\u4f5c\u8005\u63cf\u7e6a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u95dc\u65bc\u52d5\u7269\u7684\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u5b83\u7a76\u7adf\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u89c0\u770b\uff1f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":108978086,"featured_media":11659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[535298225],"tags":[729119701,579358239,1148051,729119698],"class_list":["post-11651","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-535298225","tag-729119701","tag-579358239","tag-1148051","tag-729119698"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/e59c967.jpg?fit=1024%2C847&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7OKcw-31V","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":16716,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=16716","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":0},"title":"\u7121\u76e1\u7684\u89c0\u770b\u2014\u2014\u5289\u555f\u7965\u300a\u684c\u4e0b\u6709\u8c93\u7684\u975c\u7269\u300b","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2023-11-10","format":false,"excerpt":"\u53f0\u7063\u756b\u5bb6\u5289\u555f\u7965\uff081910-1998\uff09\u6709\u4e00\u5e45\u6cb9\u756b\u4f5c\u54c1\u300a\u684c\u4e0b\u6709\u8c93\u7684\u975c\u7269\u300b\uff081949\uff09\u3002\u756b\u4e2d\u7684\u975c\u7269\u8207\u8c93\uff0c\u4e00\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298179"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-e58a89e5959fe7a5a5-e6a18ce4b88be69c89e8b293e79a84e99d9ce789a9-e5b180e983a8.jpg?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-e58a89e5959fe7a5a5-e6a18ce4b88be69c89e8b293e79a84e99d9ce789a9-e5b180e983a8.jpg?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-e58a89e5959fe7a5a5-e6a18ce4b88be69c89e8b293e79a84e99d9ce789a9-e5b180e983a8.jpg?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-e58a89e5959fe7a5a5-e6a18ce4b88be69c89e8b293e79a84e99d9ce789a9-e5b180e983a8.jpg?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-e58a89e5959fe7a5a5-e6a18ce4b88be69c89e8b293e79a84e99d9ce789a9-e5b180e983a8.jpg?fit=1200%2C668&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17823,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=17823","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":1},"title":"\u60c5\u4e4b\u6240\u5728\uff0c\u5fc3\u4e4b\u6240\u5b89\uff1a\u6dfa\u8ac7\u5f35\u7fa9\u96c4\u975c\u7269\u756b\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u578b\u50a2\u4ff1","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2024-06-07","format":false,"excerpt":"\u54c1\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u6536\u85cf\u5bb6\u9f94\u7389\u8449\u5973\u58eb\u5bd3\u6240\u7684\u7384\u95dc\u3002\u7576\u6642\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7559\u4e0b\u5f88\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u90a3\u88e1\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u5bb6\u5ead\u88e1\u901a\u5e38\u6703\u64fa\u653e\u978b\u6ac3\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298179"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/e59c963_e799bde889b2e6a485e5ad90_2000.jpg?fit=942%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/e59c963_e799bde889b2e6a485e5ad90_2000.jpg?fit=942%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/e59c963_e799bde889b2e6a485e5ad90_2000.jpg?fit=942%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/e59c963_e799bde889b2e6a485e5ad90_2000.jpg?fit=942%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17348,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=17348","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":2},"title":"\u63a2\u7d22\u52d5\u690d\u7269\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u89c0\u5bdf\u8996\u89d2\u300c\u5dbc\u751f\u4ff1\u4f86\uff1a\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u5cf6\u5dbc\u751f\u7269\u300d\u8b1b\u5ea7\u7d00\u5be6","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2024-03-12","format":false,"excerpt":"\u7279\u5225\u9080\u8acb\u5230\u6f2b\u904a\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u81fa\u5357\u61c9\u7528\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b78\u7f8e\u8853\u7cfb\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\u8521\u4f0a\u5a77\uff0c\u4ee5\u7279\u5225\u4f01\u5283\u300c\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u4e2d\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298225"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/s__2670642_0.png?fit=1200%2C915&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/s__2670642_0.png?fit=1200%2C915&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/s__2670642_0.png?fit=1200%2C915&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/s__2670642_0.png?fit=1200%2C915&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/s__2670642_0.png?fit=1200%2C915&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":17040,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=17040","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":3},"title":"\u6cb3\u934b\u66c9\u9f4b\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u5927\u89c0\u5712","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2024-01-19","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6c5f\u6236\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u5728\u773e\u591a\u767e\u82b1\u9f4a\u653e\u7684\u7e6a\u5e2b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cb3\u934b\u66c9\u9f4b\uff08\u539f\u540d\u6cb3\u934b\u72c2\u9f4b\uff0c1831\uff0d1889\uff09\u4e4b\u4f5c\u7d93\u5e38\u8207\u52d5\u7269\u6709\u8457\u5bc6\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u4e9e\u6d32\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298179"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/n3veg1tezvtlzeagcd2r-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/n3veg1tezvtlzeagcd2r-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/n3veg1tezvtlzeagcd2r-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/n3veg1tezvtlzeagcd2r-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/n3veg1tezvtlzeagcd2r-1.webp?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":16744,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=16744","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":4},"title":"\u51dd\u8996\u3001\u62c6\u89e3\u8207\u91cd\u69cb\u908a\u754c\uff1a\u5b89\u6771\u5c3c\u2027\u5e03\u6717\u7e6a\u672c\u88e1\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u5712\u5730\u666f","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2023-11-17","format":false,"excerpt":"\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u52d5\u7269\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u578b\u614b\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u662f\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u88e1\u4e00\u500b\u5145\u6eff\u60f3\u50cf\u529b\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\u3002\u65e9\u5728\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d00\u516b\u96f6\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6709\u54f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u5c07\u300c\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298225"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-1642210161-e1699408034791.jpg?fit=748%2C583&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-1642210161-e1699408034791.jpg?fit=748%2C583&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-1642210161-e1699408034791.jpg?fit=748%2C583&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/e59c965-1642210161-e1699408034791.jpg?fit=748%2C583&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":21072,"url":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=21072","url_meta":{"origin":11651,"position":5},"title":"\u52d5\u614b\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u8207\u66b4\u529b\uff1a\u8ac7\u82f1\u570b\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u9ea5\u7279\u30fb\u67ef\u5229\u856d\uff08Mat Collishaw\uff09\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u300a\u842c\u7269\u6b9e\u843d\u300b\uff08All Things Fall\uff09","author":"arthistorystroll","date":"2025-12-05","format":false,"excerpt":"\u6587\uff0f\u5289\u5b50\u5e73 \u9ea5\u7279\u30fb\u67ef\u5229\u856d\uff08Mat Collishaw\uff09\u8207\u82f1\u570b\u9752\u5e74\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\uff08YBAs\uff09 \u5728\u5168\u7403\u7684\u7576\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u2026","rel":"","context":"\u5728\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u300d\u4e2d","block_context":{"text":"\u897f\u65b9\u85dd\u8853\u53f2","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?cat=535298225"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e5b081e99da21.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e5b081e99da21.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e5b081e99da21.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e5b081e99da21.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/arthistorystrolls.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e5b081e99da21.jpg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11651","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/108978086"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11651"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11680,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11651\/revisions\/11680"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11651"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}