{"id":13778,"date":"2022-12-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-08T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=13778"},"modified":"2022-12-03T20:25:40","modified_gmt":"2022-12-03T12:25:40","slug":"%e7%9f%b3%e9%a0%ad%e8%a8%98%ef%bc%9a%e4%b8%ad%e5%a4%ae%e5%85%ac%e5%9c%92%e5%9c%b0%e6%99%af%e3%80%8c%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e8%88%87%e4%ba%ba%e5%b7%a5%e3%80%8d%e7%9a%84%e4%ba%a4%e7%b9%94%e6%b7%b7%e5%90%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=13778","title":{"rendered":"\u77f3\u982d\u8a18\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u5730\u666f\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u300d\u7684\u4ea4\u7e54\u6df7\u540c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587 \/ \u912d\u53f0\u7965<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7d10\u7d04\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u897f\u5357\u89d2\uff0c\u77d7\u7acb\u8457\u4e00\u584a\u540d\u70baUmpire Rock\u7684\u5de8\u5ca9\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u516c\u5712\u88e1\u6700\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u7684\u7db2\u7d05\u666f\u9ede\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u7121\u6578\u904a\u5ba2\u4f47\u7acb\u5176\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u62cd\u7167\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u7b2c59\u8857\u3001\u7b2c\u4e94\u5927\u9053\u8f49\u89d2\u8655\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e00\u4f75\u6536\u5165\u93e1\u6846\u3002\u5b83\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5929\u7136\u821e\u53f0\uff0c\u63c9\u5408\u4e86\u524d\u666f\u5de8\u77f3\u3001\u4e2d\u666f\u7da0\u6a39\uff0c\u8207\u80cc\u666f\u5e03\u5e55\u7684\u6469\u5929\u9ad8\u6a13\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5e45\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u7368\u6709\u7684\u3001\u5145\u6eff\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u5929\u969b\u7dda\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u9732\u982d(outcrops)\u904d\u4f48\u4e86\u6574\u500b\u7d10\u7d04\u4ee5\u81f3\u7f8e\u570b\u6771\u5317\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u770b\u4f3c\u5c0b\u5e38\u4e4b\u81f3\uff0c\u5be6\u5247\u633e\u5e36\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u4e0d\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u8a0a\u606f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u516c\u5712\u88e1\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u5730\u666f\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u6a39\u6728\u3001\u6e56\u6cca\u8207\u6dbc\u4ead\u6b65\u9053\uff0c\u5ca9\u77f3\u662f\u5730\u7403\u6df1\u6b77\u53f2\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u8005\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6a6b\u8de8\u5343\u842c\u5e74\u3002\u63a2\u7a76\u9019\u4e9b\u77f3\u982d\u7684\u8eab\u4e16\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u8a31\u80fd\u4e00\u7aba\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e26\u5f9e\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\u516c\u5712\u5730\u666f\u88e1\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u4ea4\u96dc\u6df7\u540c\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e73\u7684\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u5c24\u5176\u4e0d\u662f<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f9e\u7a7a\u4e2d\u4fef\u77b0\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5c07\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u60f3\u50cf\u6210\u7d10\u7d04\u5e02\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e00\u584a\u6241\u5e73\u7684\u7da0\u5730\uff0c\u56db\u5468\u662f\u6574\u9f4a\u5283\u4e00\u7684\u683c\u72c0\u8857\u5ed3\uff0c\u9c57\u6b21\u6adb\u6bd4\u7684\u6469\u5929\u9ad8\u6a13\u3002\u9019\u584a\u9762\u7a4d\u7d043.4\u5e73\u65b9\u516c\u91cc\u7684\u571f\u5730\u6210\u4e86\u845b\u62c9\u7f55(Stephen Graham)\u53e3\u4e2d\u7fd2\u6163\u4ee5\u5e73\u9762\u770b\u5f85\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002[1]<\/a>\u7136\u800c\u5728200\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u9019\u5ea7\u5317\u7f8e\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u840a\u7d0d\u4f69\u4eba(Lenape)\u6240\u7a31\u7684\u300c\u591a\u5c71\u7684\u5cf6\u5dbc\u300d(Mannahatta)\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u4e00\u7247\u9ad8\u4f4e\u8d77\u4f0f\u7684\u5730\u5f62\u3002\u5f9e1856\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u5f35\u57fa\u5730\u6e2c\u7e6a\u5716\u88e1\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u80fd\u5920\u6e05\u695a\u898b\u5230\u57fa\u5730\u5167\u6563\u4f48\u8457\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\uff0c\u8207\u53c3\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f4a\u7684\u7834\u788e\u5730\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u57121856\u5e74\u6e2c\u7e6a\u5716\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: https:\/\/collections.leventhalmap.org\/search\/commonwealth:3f463277s<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u516c\u5712\u7b2c\u4e94\u81f3\u7b2c\u516b\u5927\u9053\u7684\u5730\u8cea\u5256\u9762\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: Frances Loeb Library\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u51b0\u6cb3\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u9020\u5c31\u9019\u7a2e\u5730\u8c8c\u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9a45\u529b\u3002\u8ddd\u4eca\u7d04\u4e5d\u842c\u5e74\u524d\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u6b21\u51b0\u6cb3\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u51b0\u5ddd\u908a\u7de3\u5f9e\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u958b\u59cb\u7531\u5317\u5411\u5357\u7de9\u6162\u79fb\u52d5\uff0c\u593e\u5e36\u8457\u6578\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u584a\u77f3\u5de8\u792b\uff0c\u4e00\u8def\u5228\u522e\u5730\u8868\u3001\u6469\u64e6\u5ca9\u5e8a\uff0c\u6240\u5230\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u4e0a\u5dde(Upstate New York)\u6316\u947f\u51fa\u4e94\u6307\u6e56\u8207\u54c8\u5fb7\u905c\u6cb3\u8c37\uff0c\u5207\u5272Adirondacks\u5c71\u8108\uff0c\u671f\u9593\u8d70\u8d70\u505c\u505c\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5728\u4e8c\u842c\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u62b5\u9054\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u3002\u6f2b\u9577\u7684\u6b72\u6708\u5728\u9019\u7247\u571f\u5730\u523b\u5283\u51fa\u6df1\u6dfa\u4e0d\u4e00\u7684\u8c37\u5730\uff0c\u4e5f\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6578\u4e0d\u8f15\u7684\u522e\u75d5\u3001\u6c89\u7a4d\u7269\u8207\u51b0\u78e7\u77f3\u3002[2]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65e9\u5e74\u5148\u6c11\u5c0b\u6c42\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5efa\u9020\u5bb6\u5c4b\u623f\u820d\uff0c\u9661\u5cfb\u5730\u5f62\u81ea\u7136\u4e0d\u53d7\u5230\u9752\u775e\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u57ce\u93ae\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u9ad8\u4f4e\u8d77\u4f0f\u7684\u5730\u5f62\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u516c\u5712\u6797\u5730\u3001\u5893\u5712\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9ad8\u723e\u592b\u7403\u5834\u3002\u7d10\u7d04\u5e02\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u516c\u5712\uff0c\u5982\u5317\u908a\u5e03\u6717\u514b\u65af\u7684Van Cortlandt Park\uff0c\u7dca\u9130\u54c8\u5fb7\u905c\u6cb3\u7554\u7684Inwood Hill Park\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u5efa\u7acb\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u5341\u5104\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a\u58fd\u547d\u7684\u5ca9\u5e8a\u4e0a\u65b9\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u584a\u77f3\u5927\u591a\u7531\u7247\u9ebb\u5ca9(gneiss)\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u77f3\u82f1\u3001\u96f2\u6bcd\u3001\u9ed1\u66dc\u5ca9\u7b49\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5730\u8868\u6700\u9192\u76ee\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7279\u5fb5\u3002[3]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u9732\u982d\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: The Central Park Conservancy<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u9806\u52e2\u800c\u70ba\uff1a\u584a\u77f3\u878d\u5165\u516c\u5712\u5730\u666f\u8a2d\u8a08<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6253\u5f9e\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5efa\u9020\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u547d\u904b\u5c31\u548c\u9019\u4e9b\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u584a\u77f3\u5bc6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u3002\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u56e0\u5916\u4f86\u79fb\u6c11\u4eba\u53e3\u5927\u91cf\u589e\u9577\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u98db\u901f\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u64c1\u64e0\u9ad2\u4e82\u3001\u50b3\u67d3\u75c5\u76db\u884c\u3002\u5728\u793e\u6703\u8ce2\u9054\u5982\u5e03\u840a\u6069(William Cullen Bryant)\u3001\u9053\u5be7(Andrew Jackson Downing)\u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u547c\u7c72\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u5927\u578b\u516c\u5712\u7684\u69cb\u60f3\u9010\u6f38\u6210\u5f62\u30021853\u5e74\uff0c\u516c\u5712\u5834\u5740\u9078\u5728\u4f4d\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e94\u3001\u7b2c\u516b\u5927\u9053\uff0c\u5f9e59\u8857\u5230106\u8857\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7d04600\u82f1\u755d\u7684\u5927\u7247\u8352\u5730\u3002\u5834\u52d8\u6642\u537b\u767c\u73fe106\u8857\u6709\u584a\u5de8\u5927\u5ca9\u77f3\u6a6b\u7a7a\u800c\u904e\uff0c\u5c37\u5c2c\u7684\u5730\u5f62\u5c0e\u81f4\u7bc4\u570d\u5411\u5317\u5ef6\u4f38\u81f3110\u8857\uff0c\u516c\u5712\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5c31\u9019\u9ebc\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u3002[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1858\u5e74\uff0c\u8eab\u517c\u8fb2\u696d\u5bb6\u8207\u8a18\u8005\u768436\u6b72\u9752\u5e74\u6b50\u59c6\u65af\u5fb7(Frederick Law Olmsted)\uff0c\u8207\u82f1\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u5f17\u514b\u65af(Calvert Vaux)\u5171\u540c\u8d0f\u5f97\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u8a2d\u8a08\u6b0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u9996\u5148\u9762\u81e8\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u6311\u6230\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u4e9b\u7121\u8655\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u5de8\u77f3\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u50f1\u7528\u4e86\u6578\u5343\u4eba\u529b\u6574\u5730\u958b\u6316\u3001\u6e05\u7406\u5834\u5730\uff0c\u5f9e1858\u81f31861\u4e09\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u7e3d\u8a08\u4ee5\u706b\u85e5\u7206\u7834\u3001\u6316\u9664\u4e86\u7d04\u4e00\u767e\u516b\u5341\u842c\u7acb\u65b9\u7c73\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u571f\u65b9\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u4f86\u81ea\u4fee\u7bc9\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7d04\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u5341\u5c31\u5730\u56de\u6536\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u92ea\u8a2d\u5712\u5340\u5167\u9053\u8def\u57fa\u790e\uff0c[5]<\/a>\u5176\u9918\u5247\u7528\u4f5c\u6a4b\u6a11\u3001\u6c34\u7011\u8207\u53f0\u968e\u7b49\u5404\u985e\u666f\u89c0\u8a2d\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u65bd\u5de5\u5834\u666f \u3002View in Central Park, New York<\/em>, ca. 1859<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6b50\u59c6\u65af\u5fb7\u6df1\u77e5\uff0c\u53c3\u5dee\u932f\u843d\u7684\u5730\u5f62\u6bd4\u5e73\u5766\u7684\u5730\u8868\u66f4\u6709\u8996\u89ba\u4e0a\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u8207\u5176\u5c07\u4e4b\u8996\u70ba\u969c\u7919\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u8207\u5b83\u548c\u5e73\u5171\u8655\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5de7\u5999\u7684\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u65e9\u57281858\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u5831\u544a\u66f8\u88e1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5c07\u9019\u4e9b\u5de8\u77f3\u767b\u9ad8\u671b\u9060\u7684\u7279\u6027\u767c\u63ee\u5230\u6975\u81f4\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f17\u514b\u65af\u6240\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4f4d\u572879\u8857\u9060\u666f\u77f3(Vista Rock)\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684\u57ce\u5821Belvedere Castle\uff0c\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u958b\u6316\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u5ca9\u77f3\u56de\u6536\u5efa\u6210\uff0c\u4f9b\u904a\u5ba2\u9060\u773a\u8349\u576a\u6e56\u6cca\u7b49\u7f8e\u666f\u30021867\u5e74\u5b8c\u5de5\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ecd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5176\u53e4\u6a38\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7576\u521d\u898f\u5283\u904a\u5712\u52d5\u7dda\u6642\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u57fa\u65bc\u300c\u4eba\u8eca\u5206\u9053\u300d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u52d5\u7dda\u4ea4\u6703\u8655\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u7acb\u9ad4\u4ea4\u53c9\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u96a7\u9053\u3001\u6db5\u6d1e\u8207\u6a4b\u6a11\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u884c\u4eba\u8207\u99ac\u8eca\u7a7f\u8d8a\u7121\u7919\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u516c\u5712\u5317\u5074\u6797\u5730\u7684\u5de8\u77f3\u62f1\u9580(Huddlestone Arch)\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5\u73fe\u5834\u7206\u7834\u5f8c\u907a\u7559\u7684\u584a\u77f3\u780c\u7bc9\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u9760\u77f3\u584a\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u8207\u6469\u64e6\u529b\u7dca\u5bc6\u7d50\u5408\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u6cb3\u6c34\u6ce5\u9ecf\u8457\u6750\u6599\u3002\u5f80\u897f\u4e09\u767e\u516c\u5c3a\uff0c\u7a7f\u904e\u4e00\u689d\u5bc6\u6797\u5c0f\u5f91\uff0c\u5247\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u5ea7\u62f1\u6a4bGlen Span Arch\uff0c\u5b83\u65bc1865\u5e74\u5b8c\u5de5\uff0c1885\u5e74\u7531\u7070\u8272\u7247\u9ebb\u5ca9\u53d6\u4ee3\u8150\u673d\u7684\u6728\u6750\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u9019\u5ea7\u62f1\u9580\u7684\u69cb\u7bc9\u624b\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u7d30\u7dfb\uff0c\u77f3\u584a\u6392\u5217\u3001\u52a0\u5de5\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ca\u62f1\u5fc3\u69cb\u9020\uff0c\u7686\u5320\u5fc3\u7368\u5177\uff0c\u7c97\u7cd9\u7684\u8868\u9762\u7684\u5f77\u5f7f\u5f9e\u5468\u570d\u5ca9\u76e4\u4e2d\u9577\u51fa\uff0c\u6df7\u5408\u4e86\u4eba\u5de5\u8207\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f4e\u8abf\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u5468\u906d\u5730\u666f\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u8a2d\u65bd\u770b\u4f3c\u6e3e\u7136\u5929\u6210\uff0c\u5be6\u5247\u7d93\u904e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4eba\u5de5\u8a08\u7b97\uff0c\u5728\u8cea\u6a38\u7c97\u66e0\u4e4b\u4e2d\u96b1\u542b\u4e86\u7cbe\u78ba\u7684\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e5f\u547c\u61c9\u4e86\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e00\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4eba\u5de5\u634f\u5851\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u98a8\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u5c0d\u516c\u5712\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u584a\u77f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u963b\u7919\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u8f49\u5316\u7684\u5951\u6a5f\u3002
\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: National Park Service, Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u57281858\u5e74\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u7684\u5831\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b50\u59c6\u65af\u5fb7\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u6709\u671d\u4e00\u65e5\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u5c07\u88ab\u5277\u5e73\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u6392\u6392\u9c57\u6b21\u6adb\u6bd4\u7684\u6a13\u623f\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u9ad8\u4f4e\u8d77\u4f0f\u7684\u5730\u8c8c\u5c07\u4e0d\u5fa9\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u5de8\u77f3\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u539f\u521d\u5730\u5f62\u7684\u898b\u8b49\u3002\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u65e2\u6709\u5730\u5f62\uff0c\u61c9\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u6e1b\u5c11\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u4e26\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u767c\u63ee\u5176\u666f\u89c0\u7279\u8272\u8207\u6548\u7528\u3002[6]<\/a> \u4ed6\u7684\u9810\u8a00\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6210\u771f\u4e86\uff0c\u66fc\u54c8\u9813\u5f8c\u4f86\u4f9d\u64da1811\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u683c\u72c0\u8a08\u5283\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u7121\u6578\u5ca9\u5e8a\u88ab\u5277\u5e73\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u5efa\u9020\u5730\u57fa\u3002\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u88e1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5730\u8c8c\u5247\u591a\u5c11\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u4f4e\u7aaa\u8655\u6210\u70ba\u6e56\u6cca\uff0c\u76f8\u5c0d\u5e73\u5766\u4e4b\u8655\u6210\u70ba\u5927\u8349\u576a\uff0c\u8302\u5bc6\u690d\u88ab\u6210\u70ba\u6797\u5730\u6f2b\u6b65\u5340\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u9069\u5883\u800c\u70ba\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e73\u8861\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u6700\u53d7\u4eba\u7a31\u9053\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u6e96\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u5317\u5340\u6a39\u6797\u88e1\u7684Glen Span Arch\u3002\u5716\u7247\u4f86\u6e90: \u4f5c\u8005\u651d\u5f71\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u8352\u91ce\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8c61\u5fb5<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u584a\u77f3\u4e0d\u50c5\u5177\u6709\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u5be6\u7528\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u9084\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u6b50\u6d32\u5712\u6797\u64c1\u6709\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u8cb4\u65cf\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u65b0\u8208\u7684\u7f8e\u5f0f\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u5f37\u8abf\u516c\u5712\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e0d\u5206\u968e\u7d1a\u3001\u5168\u6c11\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u5834\u6240\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u904e\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4f86\u5c0b\u6c42\u7f8e\u570b\u6587\u5316\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u6b50\u59c6\u65af\u5fb7\u5fc3\u5fc3\u5ff5\u5ff5\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u65e9\u5e74\u7684\u5ee3\u6cdb\u904a\u6b77\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ed6\u6df1\u5207\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u300c\u8352\u91ce\u300d\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\uff0c\u7f6e\u8eab\u65bc\u58ef\u7f8e\u7684\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u666f\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u7642\u7652\u8eab\u5fc3\uff0c\u8212\u7de9\u90fd\u5e02\u751f\u6d3b\u9020\u6210\u7684\u58d3\u529b\u8207\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9762\u5c0d\u7121\u6cd5\u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u79fb\u9664\u7684\u5927\u77f3\u584a\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d22\u6027\u5c07\u4e4b\u90e8\u5206\u4fdd\u7559\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u9192\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u6a19\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u8352\u91ce\u300d\u666f\u89c0\u7684\u518d\u73fe: \u5b83\u5011\u96b1\u55bb\u4e86\u7d10\u7d04\u4e0a\u5dde\u7684Adriondacks\u53caCatskills\u5c71\u8108\u3002[7]<\/a>\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u5c0b\u5e38\u7684\u584a\u77f3\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u5c64\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5730\u8cea\u5b78\u4e0a\u300c\u6df1\u5ea6\u6642\u9593\u300d(Deep Time)\u7684\u8868\u9054\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u7121\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5b58\u5728\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u300d\u4e4b\u9593\u770b\u4f3c\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u8ad6\u8ff0\u90fd\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u8b93\u516c\u5712\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5f88\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u300d\u3001\u5f88\u300c\u98a8\u666f\u5982\u756b\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u60dc\u6295\u5165\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4eba\u529b\u3001\u91d1\u9322\u8207\u8cc7\u672c\u6280\u8853\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u5f14\u8a6d\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u8aaa\u660e\u4e86\u300c\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u300d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e26\u975e\u622a\u7136\u4e8c\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u4e0d\u65b7\u8f49\u8b8a\u7684\u8faf\u8b49\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u96e3\u767c\u73fe\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u878d\u5408\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u5de5\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u4e5f\u6216\u8a31\uff0c\u552f\u6709\u900f\u904e\u5169\u8005\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u5171\u8655\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u5712\u5730\u666f\u66f4\u8c50\u5bcc\u591a\u5f69\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u90fd\u80fd\u5f9e\u4e00\u584a\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u77f3\u982d\u4e2d\u8b80\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Stephen Graham\uff0c\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u662f\u5782\u76f4\u7684\uff1a\u5f9e\u4eba\u9020\u885b\u661f\u3001\u6469\u5929\u5927\u6a13\u5230\u5730\u5e95\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u7531\u5206\u5c64\u7a7a\u9593\u5782\u76f4\u5256\u6790\u90fd\u5e02\u4e2d\u793e\u6703\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6b0a\u529b\u95dc\u4fc2\u300b\uff0c \u81fa\u5317\uff1a\u81c9\u8b5c\uff0c2020\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> https:\/\/www.nycgovparks.org\/about\/history\/geology<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> \u540c\u4e0a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Heckscher, Morrison H. Creating Central Park<\/em>. Vol. 65. No. 3. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Commissioners of Central Park, Fifth Annual Report of the Board of Commissioners of the Central Park <\/em>(New York: Wm. C. Bryant & Co., 1862), pp.96\u201399<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Olmsted to the Board of Commissioners of the Central Park, May 31, 1858, in The Papers of Frederick Law Olmsted Volume III<\/em>, pp.176.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> Duempelmann, Sonja, and Susan Herrington. “Plotting time in landscape architecture.” Studies in the History of Gardens & Designed Landscapes<\/em> 34.1 (2014): 1-14.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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