{"id":14643,"date":"2023-04-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=14643"},"modified":"2023-04-10T15:02:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T07:02:33","slug":"%e5%8d%81%e4%b9%9d%e4%b8%96%e7%b4%80%e6%b3%95%e5%9c%8b%e7%9a%84%e8%97%9d%e8%a1%93%e4%bd%9c%e5%93%81%e8%88%87%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e6%9c%89%e4%bb%80%e9%ba%bc%e8%81%af%e7%b9%ab%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=14643","title":{"rendered":"\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u6cd5\u570b\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u806f\u7e6b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587 \/ \u6ce5\u5b50<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u6cd5\u570b\u6703\u806f\u60f3\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f\u4e5f\u8a31\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u60f3\u8d77\u6cd5\u570b\u5927\u9769\u547d\u5f8c\u62ff\u7834\u5d19\u7a31\u5e1d\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u800c\u5728\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u4e0a\uff0c\u5df4\u9ece\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u8b8a\u9769\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b55\u80b2\u51fa\u8033\u719f\u80fd\u8a73\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u6d41\u6d3e\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u3002\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u570b\u5df4\u9ece\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u6c99\u9f8d\u5c55\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\u6b0a\uff0c\u9577\u671f\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u7684\u8cb4\u65cf\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d(Gustave Courbet, 1819-1877)\u7b49\u4eba\u6240\u6380\u8d77\u7684\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u5c07\u805a\u7126\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u57281848\u5e74\u81f31850\u5e74\u4e4b\u9593\u81f3\u95dc\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e09\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u70ba\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u9910\u5f8c\u300b( After Dinner at Ornans <\/em>)\u3001\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b( The Stonebreakers <\/em>)\u548c\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b( A Burial at Ornans <\/em>)\u3002\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u85c9\u7531\u756b\u4f5c\u771f\u5be6\u5730\u50b3\u905e\u51fa\u7576\u6642\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u4e0b\u5e95\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u56f0\u9813\uff0c1848\u5e74\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u85dd\u8853\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u7684\u8f49\u6369\u9ede\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u8207\u793e\u6703\u8b70\u984c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u4ee5\u53ca\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u5b78\u9662\u6d3e\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57161\u3011Gustave Courbet, Self-Portrait with Black Dog<\/em>, c.1842-4, Oil on canvas, 46x55cm, Mus\u00e9e du Petit Palais, Paris.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u662f\u8ab0\uff1f<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1819\u5e74\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u51fa\u751f\u65bc\u6cd5\u570b\u6771\u90e8\u9130\u8fd1\u745e\u58eb\u7684\u5e02\u93ae\u2500\u2500\u5967\u5357\u3002\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8fb2\u5834\u4e3b\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u5bb6\u5883\u9084\u7b97\u5bcc\u88d5\uff0c\u5728\u7236\u89aa\u52c9\u5f37\u540c\u610f\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5f9e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6539\u5b78\u7e6a\u756b\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4ed6\u7684\u756b\u5bb6\u751f\u6daf\u4e26\u4e0d\u9806\u9042\u30021840\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7e6a\u88fd\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u81ea\u756b\u50cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u70ba\u4e86\u7dad\u6301\u751f\u8a08\u3001\u53d7\u4eba\u59d4\u8a17\u7684\u8096\u50cf\u756b(\u4ed6\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u6bcf\u6708\u53ea\u652f\u4ed8\u5fae\u8584\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u8cbb)\u30021841\u5e74\u52301843\u5e74\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u63d0\u4ea4\u7d66\u6c99\u9f8d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f5c\u54c1\u90fd\u88ab\u62d2\u7d55\uff0c\u76f4\u52301844\u5e74\u5165\u9078\u4e86\u300a\u8207\u9ed1\u72d7\u7684\u81ea\u756b\u50cf\u300b( Self-portrait with Black Dog <\/em>)\u3010\u57161\u3011\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u96a8\u5f8c1845\u5e74\u7684\u300a\u5409\u4ed6\u624b\u300b( Guitarrero <\/em>)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u4e3b\u984c\u4e00\u53cd\u7576\u6642\u5b78\u9662\u6d3e\u6240\u63a8\u5d07\u3001\u860a\u6db5\u8457\u9ad8\u5c1a\u60c5\u64cd\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u756b\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4ee5\u63cf\u5beb\u81ea\u7136\u666f\u89c0\u548c\u666e\u7f85\u5927\u773e\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u4f86\u8868\u73fe\u5916\u7701(\u5967\u5357)\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u8a8d\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u61c9\u8a72\u50cf\u6797\u5e03\u862d\u3001\u54c8\u723e\u65af\u7b49\u8377\u862d\u5927\u5e2b\u4e00\u822c\u53d6\u6750\u65bc\u751f\u6d3b\u5468\u906d\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u756b\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u80fd\u611f\u89ba\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5468\u570d\u771f\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u4eba\u3001\u4e8b\u3001\u7269\u3002\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u8a00\u5f9e\u672a\u756b\u904e\u5929\u4f7f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u89aa\u773c\u898b\u904e\u3002\u9019\u756a\u8a71\u7b97\u662f\u5c0d\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u4e3b\u5f35\u7406\u5ff5\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1848\u5e74\u767c\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1848\u5e742\u670822\u65e5\u7206\u767c\u4e86\u4e8c\u6708\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u65bc\u53d6\u4ee3\u6ce2\u65c1\u738b\u671d\u7684\u5967\u723e\u826f\u738b\u671d(\u53c8\u7a31\u4e03\u6708\u738b\u671d)\uff0c\u5728\u57f7\u653f\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4f46\u504f\u5411\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u51fa\u73fe\u8caa\u8150\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u4fbf\u4e0a\u8857\u904a\u884c\u8981\u6c42\u63a8\u7ffb\u570b\u738b\u8def\u6613\uff0e\u83f2\u5229\u6d66\u4e00\u4e16\u8207\u9996\u76f8\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u7acb\u5171\u548c\u653f\u5e9c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5728\u9019\u5176\u4e2d\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u9ebc\uff1f[1]<\/a> \u57281848\u5e74\u524d\u5e7e\u500b\u6708\u88e1\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u53ea\u662f\u500b\u65c1\u89c0\u8005\u30022\u670822\u65e5\u5728\u4e00\u8655\u82b1\u5712\u4e2d\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u89c0\u770b\u5de5\u4eba\u5011\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8207\u5e02\u653f\u885b\u968a\u7206\u767c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u6fc0\u70c8\u885d\u7a81\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u4e0a\u8857\u52a0\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u3002\u5728\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c[2]<\/a> \u540c\u5e74\u4e00\u6708\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5beb\u4fe1\u56de\u5bb6\uff0c\u8072\u7a31\u4ed6\u300c\u5373\u5c07\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u8eab\u908a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5728\u65b0\u805e\u754c\u548c\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u6211\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5145\u6eff\u71b1\u60c5<\/mark>\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u8207\u4ed6\u5011\u4e00\u8d77 \u300c\u7d44\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u756b\u6d3e\uff0c\u6211\u5c07\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u4ee3\u8868<\/mark>\u300d( to constitute a new school, of which I shall be the representative in painting. )\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u77e5\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7576\u6642\u662f\u9060\u96e2\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57162\u3011Gustave Courbet, After Dinner at Ornans<\/em>, 1848-9, Oil on canvas, 195×257 cm, Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5f9e\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u9910\u5f8c\u300b\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u7a81\u7834\u4e86\u4ee5\u5f80\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5c07\u98a8\u4fd7\u756b\u2500\u2500\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u63cf\u7e6a\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u666f\u8c61\u984c\u6750\u7684\u756b\u4f5c\u2500\u2500\u4ee5\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u756b\u5e03\u5448\u73fe\uff0c[3]<\/a> \u6697\u793a\u65e5\u5e38\u4eba\u7269\u8207\u53e4\u4ee3\u82f1\u96c4\u4e00\u6a23\u503c\u5f97\u4ee5\u5927\u5c3a\u5e45\u5275\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u544a\u8a34\u773e\u4eba\u98a8\u4fd7\u756b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u5be6\u73fe\u6700\u9ad8\u85dd\u8853\u62b1\u8ca0\u7684\u8f09\u9ad4\u3002\u9019\u610f\u5473\u8457\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5e73\u6c11\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u4e5f\u80fd\u88ab\u8ce6\u4e88\u5049\u5927\u7684\u5149\u8f1d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5b97\u6559\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u52f8\u8aaa\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u5728\u5167\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u55ae\u7d14\u8868\u73fe\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u8207\u670b\u53cb\u9910\u5f8c\u7684\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u4f46\u96b1\u96b1\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5c0d\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u5c0d\u6297\uff0c\u4e5f\u8868\u9732\u51fa\u4ed6\u7684\u5fc3\u5883\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u4f5c\u54c1\u66f4\u662f\u7a81\u986f\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u5716\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u7684\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u3010\u57163\u3011\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5ba3\u8a00\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u5f9e\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u4f86\u770b\u662f\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e0b\u5c64\u968e\u7d1a\u52de\u52d5\u7684\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5be6\u969b\u4e0a\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u6bd4\u8d77\u7576\u6642\u7c73\u52d2\u7684\u8fb2\u6751\u4e3b\u984c\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u96e3\u582a\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u5011\u6c92\u6709\u5f9e\u4e8b\u8fb2\u696d\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u73fe\u4eca\u7684\u773c\u5149\u4f86\u770b\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u5e45\u5e73\u5e73\u7121\u5947\u7684\u52de\u5de5\u7e6a\u756b\uff0c\u537b\u8b93\u7576\u6642\u7684\u516c\u773e(\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57ce\u5e02\u88e1\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a)\u5c0d\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u8fd1\u4e4e\u65bc\u61a4\u6012\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u3002[4]<\/a>\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u7684\u554f\u4e16\u9ede\u660e\u4e86\u7576\u6642\u6cd5\u570b\u8fb2\u6751\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e4b\u9593\u7dca\u5f35\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u63ed\u9732\u51fa\u50b3\u7d71\u8fb2\u696d\u793e\u6703\u548c\u5de5\u696d\u9769\u547d\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u65e5\u85aa\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u525d\u524a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57163\u3011Gustave Courbet, The Stonebreakers (Daubs)<\/em>, 1849-50, Oil on canvas, 190×300 cm ,
Formerly Gem\u00e4ldegalerie, Dresden (destroyed).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u7684\u610f\u6db5<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5728\u5beb\u7d66\u597d\u53cb\u5c1a\u5f17\u52d2\u91cc( Champfleury )\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\u5c0d\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u6709\u8457\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u7531\u4e00\u5c0d\u53ef\u6190\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u5206\u5225\u662f\u9577\u671f\u9ad8\u58d3\u52de\u52d5\u800c\u8eab\u8ec0\u50f5\u786c\u7684\u8001\u4eba\u8207\u60a3\u6709\u58de\u8840\u75c5\u7684\u5c11\u5e74\uff0c\u8863\u886b\u8964\u8938\u7684\u5728\u8c54\u967d\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u6e9d\u6e20\u908a\u9032\u884c\u65e5\u5fa9\u4e00\u65e5\u6253\u788e\u77f3\u982d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u666f\u8c61\u5728\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u6240\u8655\u7684\u9109\u6751\u96a8\u8655\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5c07\u5169\u4eba\u771f\u5be6\u5730\u63cf\u7e6a\u4e0b\u4f86\uff0c\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u5468\u570d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5145\u65a5\u8457\u4eba\u5011\u5982\u6a5f\u68b0\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u5728\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u5e95\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u8cfa\u53d6\u5fae\u8584\u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u540c\u6642\u671f\u7c73\u52d2\u5728\u7e6a\u756b\u88e1\u63cf\u7e6a\u8fb2\u6751\u751f\u6d3b\u6240\u5e36\u8457\u7684\u4eba\u6027\u5149\u8f1d\u8207\u751f\u547d\u529b\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u53cd\u5176\u9053\u800c\u884c\uff0c\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u81c9\u90e8\u8868\u60c5\u4e94\u5b98\u7121\u6cd5\u8fa8\u8b58\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u8272\u8abf\u9084\u662f\u6c1b\u570d\u90fd\u8b93\u756b\u9762\u986f\u5f97\u6b7b\u6c23\u6c89\u6c89\u3001\u6beb\u7121\u751f\u6c23\uff0c\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u80cc\u5f71\u6240\u50b3\u905e\u7684\u60c5\u7dd2\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u51b7\u6f20\u7684\u3001\u5c0d\u73fe\u6cc1\u7121\u529b\u6539\u8b8a\u3001\u5f9e\u7d55\u671b\u5230\u9010\u6f38\u62bd\u96e2\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5e95\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9593\u65b7\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u8001\u820a\u6a5f\u68b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u8fb2\u6c11\u90fd\u5f88\u559c\u6b61\u9019\u5e45\u756b\uff0c\u8868\u9732\u51fa\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u756b\u4f5c\u4e0d\u518d\u7b26\u5408\u5df4\u9ece\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u548c\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u610f\u8b58\u5730\u53bb\u63a1\u7528\u4e00\u822c\u5e02\u6c11\u6240\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u505c\u6b62\u5229\u7528\u9ad8\u96c5\u7684\u6587\u5316\u7d93\u5178\u627f\u8f09\u8a0a\u606f\uff0c\u5c08\u6ce8\u5728\u793e\u6703\u8b70\u984c\u4e2d\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u4e26\u975e\u70ba\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u984c\u6750\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u6293\u4f4f\u80cc\u5f8c\u6240\u96b1\u85cf\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e26\u5c55\u793a\u7d66\u5927\u773e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e5f\u662f\u5728\u9019\u500b\u6642\u671f\u5e7e\u4e4e\u662f\u78ba\u7acb\u4e86\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u653f\u6cbb\u5de6\u50be\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8207\u6c7a\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7dca\u63a5\u8457\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b\u3010\u57164\u3011\u66f4\u662f\u64bc\u52d5\u7576\u6642\u7684\u793e\u6703\u3002\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b\u63cf\u7e6a\u7684\u662f\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u4e00\u4f4d\u53d4\u7236\u7684\u846c\u79ae\uff0c\u800c\u524d\u4f86\u54c0\u60bc\u3001\u74b0\u7e5e\u5728\u56db\u5468\u7684\u4eba\u5011\u986f\u7136\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5be6\u969b\u5728\u5967\u5357\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u89aa\u670b\u597d\u53cb\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u5bb9\u7d0d\u5728\u516d\u516c\u5c3a\u9577\u7684\u756b\u5e03\u88e1\uff0c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6bd4\u8d77\u5169\u5e45\u300a\u788e\u77f3\u8005\u300b\u8207\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u9910\u5f8c\u300b\u9084\u4f86\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\uff0c\u5f9e\u8996\u89ba\u4e0a\u5e36\u7d66\u4eba\u7684\u9707\u64bc\u8207\u58d3\u8feb\u96a8\u8457\u9eef\u6c89\u7684\u8272\u8abf\u8207\u5927\u9762\u7a4d\u7684\u6df1\u8272\u50be\u7009\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u5e73\u5e73\u7121\u5947\u7684\u8fb2\u6751\u846c\u79ae\u5c55\u73fe\u51fa\u6b77\u53f2\u756b\u7684\u898f\u6a21\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u610f\u5716\u5728\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u9910\u5f8c\u300b\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u986f\u73fe\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b\u6bd4\u8d77\u904e\u53bb\u6709\u4e86\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57164\u3011Gustave Courbet, A Burial at Ornans<\/em>, 1849-50, Oil on canvas, 315 x668 cm, Mus\u00e9e d’Orsay, Paris.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5716\u4e2d\u4eba\u5011\u5728\u55aa\u79ae\u7684\u7a7f\u8457\u6309\u7167\u6b50\u6d32\u4e0a\u6d41\u793e\u6703\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u7537\u58eb\u6234\u8457\u79ae\u5e3d\u8207\u7a7f\u8457\u6df1\u8272\u79ae\u670d\uff0c\u5973\u58eb\u7684\u8863\u8457\u540c\u6a23\u838a\u91cd\u4e14\u8b39\u614e\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u6234\u4e0a\u9ed1\u8272\u624b\u5957\u62ff\u8457\u767d\u8272\u624b\u5e15\u62ed\u6dda\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u7121\u4e00\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u7684\u670d\u88dd\u898f\u7bc4\uff0c\u537b\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u904b\u7528\u5728\u8fb2\u6c11\u70ba\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u6210\u70ba\u54c0\u50b7\u8207\u75db\u82e6\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\uff0c\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e00\u7a2e\u70ba\u6b7b\u8005\u800c\u60b2\u75db\u7684\u7f8e\u5fb7\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u524d\u4f86\u54c0\u60bc\u7684\u7fa4\u773e\u8996\u7dda\u5411\u8457\u56db\u9762\u516b\u65b9\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5de6\u5074\u7684\u68fa\u6728\u4e0a\uff0c[5]<\/a> \u751a\u81f3\u50cf\u662f\u5728\u51dd\u8996\u8457\u7a7a\u6c23\uff0c\u8868\u60c5\u51dd\u56fa\u50f5\u786c\uff0c\u5f9e\u6df1\u8272\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e00\u7a81\u986f\u7684\u9762\u5bb9\u986f\u5f97\u8352\u8a95\u7121\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9762\u5c0d\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u984c\u6750\u4e2d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u756b\u5bb6\u8a66\u5716\u70ba\u6b64\u8ce6\u4e88\u4e00\u7a2e\u632f\u596e\u4eba\u5fc3\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u6232\u5287\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8207\u52d5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f86\u5448\u73fe\u4e3b\u984c\u8207\u756b\u9762\u7684\u5f35\u529b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b97\u6559\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6170\u85c9\u8207\u60f3\u50cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u9019\u9ebc\u505a\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u5967\u5357\u7684\u846c\u79ae\u300b\u4e2d\u9ad8\u9ad8\u61f8\u639b\u5728\u4e0a\u7684\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u610f\u7fa9\u8b8a\u5f97\u683c\u5916\u8584\u5f31\uff0c\u846c\u79ae\u5206\u660e\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u5100\u5f0f\u611f\u6fc3\u539a\u7684\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u6b64\u523b\u537b\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u795e\u6027\u7684\u5149\u8f1d\uff0c\u793e\u4ea4\u5834\u5408\u529f\u80fd\u5927\u65bc\u846c\u79ae\u4e2d\u7684\u838a\u56b4\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u846c\u79ae\u4f3c\u4e4e\u96b1\u85cf\u5b83\u6240\u60f3\u8868\u9054\u7684\u610f\u6db5\uff0c[6]<\/a> \u5728\u5167\u90e8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u592a\u591a\u7684\u5c0d\u7acb\u9762\u2500\u2500\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u4e16\u4fd7\u3001\u559c\u5287\u548c\u60b2\u5287\u3001\u611f\u50b7\u548c\u602a\u8a95\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u5305\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7cbe\u78ba\u800c\u6b98\u9177\u7684\u9762\u7121\u8868\u60c5\uff0c\u624d\u8b93\u846c\u79ae\u6210\u70ba\u4e86\u5982\u6b64\u4e0d\u540c\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u7126\u9ede\uff0c\u5728\u5df4\u9ece\u6c99\u9f8d\u5c55\u906d\u53d7\u8a31\u591a\u85dd\u8a55\u5bb6\u7684\u5927\u8086\u6279\u8a55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u900f\u904e\u5c0d\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5e7e\u4ef6\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u7406\u89e31848\u5e74\u9769\u547d\u6c1b\u570d\u5c0d\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ed6\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u900f\u904e\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u53bb\u5c55\u73fe\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u53bb\u6311\u6230\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u8207\u5e95\u5c64\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7981\u932e\u3002\u9762\u5c0d\u8a31\u591a\u6b0a\u5a01\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u6279\u8a55\u8b3e\u7f75\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u4e0d\u70ba\u6240\u52d5\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u4e0d\u518d\u50c5\u50c5\u9762\u5411\u90a3\u4e9b\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5236\u5b9a\u898f\u5247\u7684\u4eba\u7fa4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c07\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u773e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u5728\u5ee3\u5927\u666e\u904d\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u6c11\u3002\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u885d\u64ca\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u4eba\u5011\u610f\u8b58\u5230\u5de5\u4eba\u968e\u7d1a\u5c07\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5730\u5728\u793e\u6703\u4e2d\u4f54\u64da\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u5eab\u723e\u8c9d\u5728\u85dd\u8853\u754c\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u722d\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5c31\u9ad4\u73fe\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u9ede\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> T.J Clark, Image of the People<\/em> (London, Thames and Hudson, 1999), p. 47.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> James Henry Rubin, Courbet<\/em> (London: Phaidon, 1997), p.35.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Rubin, Courbet<\/em>, p.40.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Rubin, Courbet<\/em>, p.57.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Clark, Image of the People<\/em>, p.83.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Clark, Image of the People<\/em>, p.72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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