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\u660e\u4ee3\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u8907\u88fd\u6d41\u50b3<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57169\u3011\u660e\uff0c\u300a\u4e8c\u5712\u96c6\u30fb\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5c40\u90e8\u3002\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u6703\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u4e5d\u540d\u9928\u95a3\u5b98\u54e1\u8207\u5bae\u5ef7\u756b\u5bb6\u8b1d\u74b0\uff081377\u20131452\uff09\uff0c\u65bc\u6b63\u7d71\u4e8c\u5e74\uff081437\uff09\u4e09\u6708\u5728\u5de5\u90e8\u5c1a\u66f8\u694a\u69ae\uff081371-1440\uff09\u5b85\u90b8\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u805a\u6703\u3002\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5230\u4e86\u6210\u5316\u5e74\u9593\uff081464-1487\uff09\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u7d00\u5ff5\u5b98\u54e1\u96c6\u6703\u7684\u8457\u540d\u5716\u50cf\u5178\u578b\uff0c\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5373\u662f\u9452\u65bc\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u7684\u524d\u4f8b\uff0c\u7531\u540f\u90e8\u5c1a\u66f8\u5c60\u6efd\uff081440\u20131512\uff09\u9080\u8acb\u5bae\u5ef7\u756b\u5bb6\u5442\u7d00\uff08\u6d3b\u52d5\u65bc1439\uff0d1505\u9593\uff09\u8207\u5442\u6587\u82f1\uff08\u7d041445\u20131510\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u7e6a\u88fd\uff0c\u4ee5\u7d00\u5ff5\u5728\u6236\u90e8\u5c1a\u66f8\u5468\u7d93\uff081440\u20131510\uff09\u5b85\u90b8\u8209\u884c\u6176\u795d\u5468\u7d93\u3001\u5c60\u6efd\u548c\u7763\u5bdf\u9662\u53f3\u90fd\u5fa1\u53f2\u4f40\u9418\uff081440\u20131511\uff09\u4e09\u4eba\u516d\u5341\u5927\u58fd\u7684\u805a\u6703\u3002[9]<\/a>\u6839\u64da\u5433\u5bec\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u5e8f\u300b\u300c\u5377\u6210\u8f49\u5beb\uff0c\u5404\u5f97\u4e00\u5377\u85cf\u4e8e\u5bb6\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5341\u56db\u540d\u5728\u5377\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u8096\u50cf\u7684\u8207\u6703\u8005\u7686\u5f97\u4e00\u5377\uff0c\u4ee5\u70ba\u5bb6\u85cf\u3002\u8a31\u8ad6\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u8a31\u9032\uff081437-1510\uff09\u70ba\u8207\u6703\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8a31\u5bb6\u56e0\u6b64\u85cf\u6709\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u4e00\u5377\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u756b\u5377\u5728\u624b\u7e6a\u50b3\u5beb\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u65bc\u5404\u500b\u7248\u672c\u9593\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u66f4\u52d5\u3001\u6539\u7e6a\u7684\u60c5\u5f62\u3002\u73fe\u5b58\u93ae\u6c5f\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8207\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u7684\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b<\/a>[10]<\/a>\uff0c\u5169\u500b\u7248\u672c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u69cb\u5716\u5c31\u76f8\u7576\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u5c0d\u9019\u5169\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002[11]<\/a>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5377\u672b\u5c0d\u5442\u7d00\u3001\u5442\u6587\u82f1\u5728\u5169\u540d\u7ae5\u5b50\u7684\u5354\u52a9\u4e0b\u4e00\u540c\u8cde\u73a9\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u63cf\u7e6a\uff0c\u800c\u73fe\u85cf\u65bc\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bae\u535a\u7269\u9662\u7684\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b<\/a>[12]<\/a>\u8207\u300a\u4e8c\u5712\u96c6\u300b\u7248\u756b\u5728\u7248\u672c\u9593\u4e5f\u51fa\u73fe\u4e86\u5dee\u7570\u3010\u571610\u3011\u3002\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bae\u7684\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u756b\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u540d\u624b\u6301\u756b\u53c9\u7684\u7ae5\u5b50\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u7248\u756b\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u9019\u540d\u7ae5\u5b50\u88ab\u6539\u70ba\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5\u96d9\u624b\u5c07\u756b\u8ef8\u5929\u6746\u9ad8\u8209\u904e\u982d\u3002\u7e6a\u756b\u3001\u7248\u756b\u5169\u7248\u672c\u9664\u4e86\u6b64\u4e00\u5dee\u7570\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u9918\u69cb\u5716\u8fd1\u4e4e\u96f7\u540c\u3002\u9019\u4ef6\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bae\u85cf\u7684\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u61c9\u8207\u8a31\u8ad6\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6240\u85cf\u7248\u672c\u6709\u4e9b\u5fae\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u4f46\u65bc\u6b64\u7d30\u5fae\u8655\u7a0d\u4f5c\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u6709\u591a\u7a2e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u65b7\u4e0b\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u571610\u3011\u5de6\uff1a\u660e\u30fb\u5442\u7d00\u3001\u5442\u6587\u82f1\uff0c\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5c40\u90e8\u3002\u5377\uff0c\u7d79\u672c\u8a2d\u8272\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bae\u6536\u85cf\u3002\u53f3\uff1a\u660e\u30fb\u300a\u4e8c\u5712\u8a18\u30fb\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5c40\u90e8\u3002\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\uff0c\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u6703\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u85cf\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5c07\u7e6a\u756b\u7ffb\u523b\u4e0a\u7248\u7684\u98a8\u6c23\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u665a\u660e\u4ecd\u76f8\u7576\u5e38\u898b\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u795e\u5b97\u7687\u5e1d\uff081573-1620\u5728\u4f4d\uff09\u555f\u8499\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u79d1\u66f8\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u300a\u6b77\u4ee3\u5e1d\u9451\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u4e5f\u662f\u624b\u7e6a\u800c\u6210\u3002\u5728\u5716\u8aaa\u5448\u9032\u7d66\u795e\u5b97\u95b1\u89bd\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u9084\u88ab\u7ffb\u523b\u70ba\u5bae\u5ef7\u8207\u574a\u9593\u5404\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u4e4b\u5927\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u6e05\u4ee3\u4ecd\u7136\u88ab\u7528\u4f86\u4f5c\u70ba\u7687\u5e1d\u555f\u8499\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u8b80\u7269\uff0c\u66f8\u4e2d\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u66f4\u662f\u5728\u6771\u4e9e\u6587\u5316\u5708\u4e2d\u5ee3\u6cdb\u6d41\u50b3\u3002[13]<\/a>\u8207\u4e16\u5b97\u7684\u300a\u63a1\u904b\u5716\u300b\u547d\u904b\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u795e\u5b97\u6240\u898b\u5230\u7684\u624b\u7e6a\u672c\u300a\u6b77\u4ee3\u5e1d\u9451\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\u73fe\u5728\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0b\u843d\u4e0d\u660e\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u6b63\u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7559\u5b58\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u7684\u6211\u5011\u624d\u80fd\u63a8\u77e5\u9019\u4e9b\u6563\u5931\u5716\u50cf\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u539f\u672c\u9762\u8c8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a>\uff08\u660e\uff09\u5f35\u5c45\u6b63\u7b49\uff0c\u300a\u660e\u4e16\u5b97\u5be6\u9304\u300b\uff0c\uff08\u81fa\u5317\uff1a\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c1962\uff09\uff0c\u537749\uff0c\u98011244\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \uff08\u660e\uff09\u5f35\u5c45\u6b63\u7b49\uff0c\u300a\u660e\u4e16\u5b97\u5be6\u9304\u300b\uff0c\u537754\uff0c\u98011327-1328\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u660e\u5bae\u5ef7\u5c0d\u6960\u6728\u7684\u5fb5\u96c6\uff0c\u53c3\u898b\u59dc\u821c\u6e90\uff0c\u3008\u660e\u6e05\u671d\u5ef7\u56db\u5ddd\u63a1\u6728\u7814\u7a76\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6545\u5bae\u535a\u7269\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b\uff0c\u7e3d96\u671f\uff082001\u5e744\u671f\uff09\uff0c\u980127-28\uff1bAurelia Campbell, What the Emperor Built: Architecture and Empire in the Early Ming<\/em> (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2020), pp. 53-87.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> \u5442\u672c\uff0c\u3008\u901a\u8b70\u5927\u592b\u5de5\u90e8\u5de6\u4f8d\u90ce\u8d08\u90fd\u5bdf\u9662\u53f3\u90fd\u5fa1\u53f2\u9f94\u516c\u8f1d\u5893\u8a8c\u9298\u3009\uff0c\uff08\u6536\u9304\u7126\u7ad1\uff0c\u300a\u570b\u671d\u5fb5\u737b\u9304\u300b\uff0c\u537751\u5de5\u90e82\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u53e4\u7c4d\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2002\uff09\uff0c\u9801649\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> \u738b\u6bd3\u85fa\uff0c\u3008\u660e\u4ee3\u5317\u4eac\u71df\u5efa\u7687\u6728\u63a1\u8fa6\u7684\u73cd\u8cb4\u53f2\u6599\u2014\u2014\u8a18\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u6703\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u85cf\u5b64\u672c\u5609\u9756\u523b\u672c\u300a\u897f\u69ce\u5f59\u8349\u300b\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6587\u737b\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c1\u671f\uff082014\u5e741\u6708\uff09\uff0c\u9801147-148\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> \u738b\u6bd3\u85fa\uff0c\u3008\u660e\u4ee3\u5317\u4eac\u71df\u5efa\u7687\u6728\u63a1\u8fa6\u7684\u73cd\u8cb4\u53f2\u6599\u3009\uff0c\u9801148\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> \u8a73\u7d30\u5716\u7248\u8acb\u53c3\u898b\u7f8e\u570b\u570b\u6703\u5716\u66f8\u9928\u7db2\u7ad9\u300a\u63a1\u904b\u5716\u300b\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/lcnclscd.2012402100.1A001\/?st=gallery<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> https:\/\/www.loc.gov\/resource\/lcnclscd.2012402482.1A001\/?sp=1&st=image<\/a>; \u5c39\u5409\u7537\uff0c\u3008\u653f\u6cbb\u9084\u662f\u5a1b\u6a02\uff1a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u548c\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u65b0\u89e3\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6545\u5bae\u535a\u7269\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b\uff0c183\u671f\uff082016\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff09\uff0c\u98017\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> \u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u8209\u884c\u7de3\u7531\u898b\u5433\u5bec\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u5377\u5c3e\u8dcb\u6587\uff0c\u4e26\u6536\u9304\u5433\u5bec\uff0c\u300a\u530f\u7fc1\u5bb6\u85cf\u96c6\u300b\uff08\u6536\u5165\u300a\u56db\u90e8\u53e2\u520a\u300b\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5546\u52d9\u5370\u66f8\u9928\uff0c1919\uff09\uff0c\u537745\uff0c\u98016b-8a\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53c3\u898b\u6f58\u6df1\u4eae\uff0c\u3008\u5442\u6587\u82f1\u3001\u5442\u7d00\u5408\u4f5c\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u6dfa\u6790\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6545\u5bae\u535a\u7269\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c4\u671f\uff081988\u5e74\uff09\uff0c\u980161-63\uff1bHe Li and Michael Knight, Power and Glory: Court Arts in China\u2019s Ming Dynasty <\/em>(San Francisco: Asian Art Museum, 2008), pp. 219-221.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> \u8a73\u7d30\u5716\u7248\u8acb\u53c3\u898b\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.metmuseum.org\/art\/collection\/search\/41478<\/a>\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ea6\u53ef\u898bMaxwell K. Hearn, \u201cAn Early Ming Example of Multiples: Two Versions of Elegant Gathering in the Apricot Garden<\/em>,\u201d in Issues of Authenticity in Chinese Painting<\/em>, eds. Judith G. Smith and Wen C. Fong (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1999), pp. 221-256; \u5433\u8aa6\u82ac\uff0c\u3008\u93ae\u6c5f\u672c\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u7684\u7591\u554f\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u6545\u5bae\u5b78\u8853\u5b63\u520a\u300b\uff0c27\u53771\u671f\uff082009\u5e74\u79cb\u5b63\uff09\uff0c\u980173-137\uff1b\u76e7\u5fd7\u5f37\uff0c\u3008\u540d\u81e3\u5de8\u88fd\uff1a\u6587\u4eba\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u7684\u5c3e\u8072\u2014\u2014\u660e\u8b1d\u74b0\u300a\u674f\u5712\u96c5\u96c6\u5716\u300b\u7814\u7a76\u3009\uff08\u535a\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u676d\u5dde\u4e2d\u570b\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\uff0c2014\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/a> \u8a73\u7d30\u5716\u7248\u8acb\u53c3\u898b\u5317\u4eac\u6545\u5bae\u535a\u7269\u9662\u300a\u7af9\u5712\u58fd\u96c6\u5716\u300b\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.dpm.org.cn\/collection\/paint\/231921.html?hl<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u5e1d\u9451\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\u5404\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53c3\u898bJulia K. Murray, \u201cFrom Textbook to Testimonial: The Emperor\u2019s Mirror, an Illustrated Discussion (Di jian tu shuo\/Teikan zusetsu) in China and Japan,\u201d Ars Orientalis<\/em> 31 (2001): 65-101. \u6e05\u5bae\u5c0d\u300a\u5e1d\u9451\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53c3\u898b\u984f\u4e19\u9707\uff0c\u3008\u300a\u5e1d\u9452\u5716\u8aaa\u300b\u8207\u6e05\u4ee3\u7684\u5e7c\u5e1d\u6559\u80b2\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f2\u5b78\u6708\u520a\u300b2\uff082011\uff09\uff0c\u9801132-133\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6587\uff0fKayi Ho \u300a\u63a1\u904b\u5716\u300b\u88fd\u4f5c\u7de3\u8d77 \u660e\u5609\u9756\u56db\u5e74\uff081525\uff09\u4e09\u6708\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u65e5\u7684\u591c\u665a\uff0c\u662d\u8056\u6148\u58fd\u7687\u592a\u540e\uff081471-1 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