{"id":20574,"date":"2025-09-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-25T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=20574"},"modified":"2025-09-23T03:05:30","modified_gmt":"2025-09-22T19:05:30","slug":"%e5%b0%8b%e6%89%be%e4%ba%82%e4%b8%96%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%a4%a9%e5%a0%82-%e6%81%a9%e6%96%af%e7%89%b9%e3%83%bb%e8%b7%af%e5%be%b7%e7%b6%ad%e5%b8%8c%e3%83%bb%e5%85%8b%e5%b8%8c%e7%b4%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=20574","title":{"rendered":"\u5c0b\u627e\u4e82\u4e16\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u5802\u2014\u2014\u6069\u65af\u7279\u30fb\u8def\u5fb7\u7dad\u5e0c\u30fb\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587\uff0f\u6797\u7539<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1935\u5e74\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u8868\u73fe\u4e3b\u7fa9\u756b\u5bb6\u6069\u65af\u7279\u30fb\u8def\u5fb7\u7dad\u5e0c\u30fb\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, 1880-1938\uff09\u5df2\u4e45\u5c45\u745e\u58eb\u9054\u6c83\u65af\uff08Davos\uff09\u8056\u6bcd\u6559\u5802\u5340\uff08Frauenkirch\uff09\u843d\u8449\u677e\u6797\uff08In den L\u00e4rchen\uff09\u7642\u990a\u9662\uff0c\u773c\u898b\u6230\u722d\u518d\u5ea6\u4f86\u81e8\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u7684\u9670\u5f71\u4e5f\u5e2d\u6372\u800c\u4f86\uff1a\u300c\u82e5\u6230\u722d\u7684\u6050\u6016\u518d\u6b21\u964d\u81e8\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u90a3\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u6b7b\u53bb\u70ba\u597d\u3002\u75c5\u75db\u3001\u75db\u82e6\u3001\u5b64\u7368\u2014\u2014\u300e\u54e6\uff0c\u8ab0\u6703\u9858\u610f\u5c45\u4f4f\u5728\u9019\u9ed1\u6697\u4e16\u754c\uff1f\u300f\u300d[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u602a\u8a95\u7e96\u7d30\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u756b\u6d3e<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u6b77\u7d93\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u767c\u5c55\u9663\u75db\u671f\u5f8c\uff0c\u9032\u5165\u5de5\u5546\u696d\u7e41\u69ae\u7684\u90fd\u5e02\u6587\u660e\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u9019\u822c\u7f8e\u597d\u5e74\u4ee3\u6c1b\u570d\u4fc3\u4f7f\u65b0\u3001\u820a\u85dd\u8853\u6d41\u6d3e\u5171\u751f\u5171\u69ae\u53c8\u5f7c\u6b64\u5c0d\u7acb\uff0c\u4e14\u8207\u73fe\u4ee3\u54f2\u5b78\u601d\u6f6e\u76f8\u4e92\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u760b\u72c2\u5730\u6416\u64fa\u65bc\u62d2\u7d55\u5ba2\u89c0\u73fe\u5be6\u8207\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u985e\u5167\u5fc3\u4e4b\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81ea1903\u81f31905\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5f9e\u5c0f\u61f7\u62b1\u8457\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5922\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc\u5df4\u4f10\u5229\u4e9e\u7687\u5bb6\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff08Royal Bavarian Polytechnic of Munich\uff09\u5ea6\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u5b78\u671f\uff0c\u53c8\u53c3\u8207\u7531\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u30fb\u99ae\u30fb\u5fb7\u5e03\u65bd\u8328\uff08Wilhelm von Debschitz, 1871-1948\uff09\u548c\u8d6b\u723e\u66fc\u30fb\u5967\u5e03\u91cc\u65af\u7279\uff08Hermann Obrist, 1862-1927\uff09\u5275\u8fa6\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u85dd\u8853\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u524d\u5f80\u5fb7\u52d2\u65af\u767b\uff08Dresden\uff09\u5b78\u7fd2\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4fee\u7fd2\u5f92\u624b\u756b\u3001\u4eba\u9ad4\u5beb\u751f\u3001\u69cb\u5716\u7b49\u7f8e\u8853\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3002[2]<\/sup><\/a>1905\u5e74\uff0c\u70ba\u812b\u96e2\u50b3\u7d71\u5b78\u9662\u675f\u7e1b\u3001\u5c0b\u6c42\u5275\u65b0\u7e6a\u756b\u8a9e\u5f59\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u3001\u6d77\u514b\u723e\uff08Erich Heckel, 1883-1970\uff09\u3001\u7f85\u7279\u76e7\u592b\uff08Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, 1884-1976\uff09\u53ca\u5e03\u840a\u723e\uff08Fritz Bleyl, 1880-1966\uff09\u5171\u540c\u5275\u7acb\u85dd\u8853\u7d44\u7e54\u300c\u6a4b\u793e\u300d\uff08Die Br\u00fccke\uff09\u30021906\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u767c\u8868\u5c0d\u5916\u5ba3\u8a00\uff0c\u547c\u7c72\u6240\u6709\u9752\u5e74\u8d77\u8eab\u53cd\u6297\u6839\u6df1\u8482\u56fa\u7684\u6b0a\u5a01\uff0c\u6177\u6168\u6fc0\u6602\u5730\u5f37\u8abf\u300c\u51e1\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u76f4\u63a5\u3001\u771f\u8aa0\u5730\u8868\u9054\u5176\u5275\u4f5c\u885d\u52d5\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6211\u5011\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u5b50\u300d\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u6a4b\u793e\u4f7f\u7528\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\u88fd\u4f5c\u5e74\u5831\u3001\u5c55\u89bd\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ca\u5716\u9304\uff0c\u518d\u5bc4\u81f3\u6bcf\u5e74\u6350\u6b3e\u652f\u6301\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8d0a\u52a9\u8005\u3002[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6a4b\u793e\u6709\u611f\u65bc\u6cd5\u570b\u5f8c\u5370\u8c61\u6d3e\u3001\u91ce\u7378\u6d3e\u7b49\u8996\u89ba\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u68b5\u8c37\uff08Vincent van Gogh, 1853-1890\uff09\u3001\u5b5f\u514b\uff08Edvard Munch, 1863-1944\uff09\u7e6a\u756b\u88e1\u7684\u5f37\u70c8\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u53c8\u5f9e\u5fb7\u52d2\u65af\u767b\u3001\u67cf\u6797\u6c11\u65cf\u535a\u7269\u9928\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u6d0b\u6d32\u3001\u975e\u6d32\u6587\u7269\u6c72\u53d6\u91ce\u6027\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u4e26\u71b1\u8877\u65bc\u63a2\u7a76\u5fb7\u570b\u54e5\u5fb7\u5f0f\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5317\u65b9\u6587\u85dd\u5fa9\u8208\u6642\u671f\u5404\u7a2e\u5275\u4f5c\u6280\u6cd5\u8207\u5a92\u6750\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u5ef6\u7e8c\u65e5\u8033\u66fc\u50b3\u7d71\u85dd\u8853\u4e2d\u7684\u8a87\u5f35\u3001\u8352\u8b2c\u5f62\u8c61\uff0c\u958b\u5275\u7368\u6a39\u4e00\u683c\u7684\u6728\u677f\u3001\u77f3\u677f\u7b49\u5370\u5237\u5716\u6a23\u3002\u518d\u900f\u904e\u5f37\u70c8\u5c0d\u6bd4\u8272\u3001\u626d\u66f2\u7dda\u689d\u8868\u9054\u4e3b\u89c0\u60c5\u611f\u548c\u81ea\u6211\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u5c55\u73fe\u6539\u9769\u6b50\u6d32\u756b\u58c7\u7684\u6a02\u89c0\u614b\u5ea6\u3002\u5176\u5f8c\u8207\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u300c\u85cd\u9a0e\u58eb\u300d\uff08Der Blaue Reiter\uff09\u5718\u9ad4\u6210\u70ba\u5fb7\u570b\u8868\u73fe\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff08Expressionism\uff09\u767c\u5c55\u521d\u671f\u5169\u5927\u4e3b\u8981\u5148\u92d2\u85dd\u8853\u6d41\u6d3e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7a0d\u7e31\u5373\u901d\u7684\u967d\u5149<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u53cd\u5c0d\u8cc7\u7522\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5c4f\u68c4\u4fdd\u5b88\u7684\u5fb7\u610f\u5fd7\u5e1d\u570b\u793e\u6703\u98a8\u6c23\uff0c\u8b9a\u980c\u539f\u59cb\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u71b1\u5207\u8ffd\u6c42\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u548c\u8ae7\u5171\u751f\u4e4b\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u300c\u751f\u6d3b\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u9054\u5230\u548c\u8ae7\u5171\u878d\u300d\uff08Kunst und Leben in Harmonie zu bringen\uff09\u3002[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u4ed6\u66fe\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u53cb\u4eba\u3001\u6a21\u7279\u5152\u9577\u671f\u5171\u5c45\u65bc\u67cf\u6797\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u3001\u5728\u83ab\u91cc\u8332\u5821\uff08Moritzburg\uff09\u6e56\u7554\u5ea6\u904e\u590f\u65e5\u6642\u5149\uff0c\u4efb\u7531\u8eab\u9ad4\u8d64\u88f8\uff0c\u6642\u8208\u81ea\u7531\u6200\u611b\u3002\u9019\u822c\u6ce2\u5e0c\u7c73\u4e9e\u5f0f\u751f\u6d3b\u5e38\u9ad4\u73fe\u65bc\u6a4b\u793e\u6210\u7acb\u521d\u671f\u6642\u6240\u4f5c\u4e4b\u5be6\u9a57\u6027\u5275\u4f5c\u3010\u57161\u3011\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u73cd\u85cf\u65bc\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u7684\u9060\u6771\u3001\u5370\u5ea6\u7b49\u5404\u7a2e\u7570\u570b\u85dd\u54c1\uff0c\u62fc\u8cbc\u51fa\u4e0d\u53d7\u897f\u65b9\u90fd\u5e02\u55a7\u56c2\u4fb5\u64fe\u7684\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u5716\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u3010\u57161\u3011 \u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u6295\u64f2\u8606\u8466\u7684\u6d74\u8005\u300b\uff08Bathers Throwing Reeds\uff09\uff0c1909\u5e74\uff0c\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\uff0c40.3 x 54 cm\uff0c\u7d10\u7d04\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7d10\u7d04\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1911\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5c07\u5275\u4f5c\u91cd\u5fc3\u5f9e\u5fb7\u52d2\u65af\u767b\u8f49\u79fb\u81f3\u67cf\u6797\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\u62d3\u5bec\u81ea\u8eab\u5728\u85dd\u6587\u5708\u3001\u6587\u5b78\u754c\u7684\u4eba\u8108\uff0c\u7d50\u8b58\u4f5c\u5bb6\u517c\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\u5fb7\u5e03\u6797\uff08Alfred D\u00f6blin, 1878-1957\uff09\u3001\u70ba\u5fb7\u570b\u524d\u885b\u85dd\u8853\u7a4d\u6975\u5589\u820c\u7684\u300a\u72c2\u98c6\u300b\uff08Der Sturm\uff09\u96dc\u8a8c\u7b49\u76f8\u95dc\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u66f4\u56e0\u70ba\u5c0d\u821e\u8e48\u3001\u6232\u5287\u7684\u7661\u8ff7\u800c\u8a8d\u8b58\u91cd\u8981\u4eba\u751f\u4f34\u4fb6\u517c\u7e46\u601d\u5384\u723e\u5a1c\u30fb\u5e2d\u6797\uff08Erna Schilling, 1884-1945\uff09\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u6a4b\u793e\u5167\u90e8\u7522\u751f\u5206\u6b67\uff0c\u65bc1913\u5e74\u5ba3\u5e03\u89e3\u6563\uff0c\u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u9996\u6b21\u4eae\u76f8\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b\uff0c\u96a8\u8ecd\u68b0\u5eab\u5c55\u89bd\u6703\uff08The Armory Show\uff09\u5f9e\u7d10\u7d04\u3001\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u5de1\u5c55\u81f3\u6ce2\u58eb\u9813\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5f15\u8d77\u8f5f\u52d5\uff0c\u4e5f\u70ba\u6b50\u6d32\u5148\u92d2\u85dd\u8853\u958b\u95e2\u65b0\u5927\u9678\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u6591\u6595\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u6642\u671f\u88e1\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5e38\u4ee5\u651d\u5f71\u8a18\u9304\u65e5\u5e38\u5373\u666f\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u7bc0\u594f\u660e\u5feb\u3001\u7c97\u91ce\u7d0a\u4e82\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u63cf\u5beb\u6d6e\u83ef\u55a7\u56c2\u57ce\u5e02\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u7126\u8e81\u53ca\u758f\u96e2\u611f\u3010\u57162\u3011\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\u5317\u65b9\u8cbb\u99ac\u6069\uff08Fehmarn\uff09\u5cf6\u5dbc\u627e\u5230\u56ae\u5f80\u5df2\u4e45\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u7d14\u771f\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u4e26\u5e36\u8457\u5e2d\u6797\u8207\u5176\u4ed6\u53cb\u4eba\u5728\u90a3\u5ea6\u904e\u56db\u500b\u7f8e\u597d\u590f\u65e5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u58ef\u9e97\u7684\u6ce2\u7f85\u7684\u6d77\u8207\u8272\u5f69\u9bae\u660e\u7684\u6d77\u5cf6\u666f\u89c0\u4f7f\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u9748\u5149\u4e4d\u73fe\uff0c\u756b\u98a8\u6108\u8da8\u6210\u719f\u3010\u57163\u3011\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u4e16\u5916\u6843\u6e90\u822c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u76f4\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6230\u621b\u7136\u800c\u6b62\u3002\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u88ab\u8feb\u9000\u56de\u67cf\u6797\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u6df1\u9677\u795e\u7d93\u6027\u7126\u616e\u6298\u78e8\uff0c\u6c89\u6eba\u9152\u7cbe\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u627e\u4e00\u7dda\u751f\u6a5f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fd7\u9858\u5165\u4f0d\uff0c\u53ea\u6c42\u80fd\u5920\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u9078\u4e4b\u8ecd\u7a2e\u52a0\u5165\u8ecd\u968a\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u537b\u88ab\u5206\u6d3e\u5230\u54c8\u96f7\u5e02\uff08Halle an der Saale\uff09\u91ce\u6230\u7832\u5175\u5718\uff0c\u56b4\u53b2\u7684\u8ecd\u968a\u7d00\u5f8b\u5c0e\u81f4\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7cbe\u795e\u5d29\u6f70\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66ab\u6642\u9000\u51fa\u8ecd\u968a\uff0c\u6b64\u5f8c\u958b\u555f\u53e6\u4e00\u6bb5\u66f2\u6298\u4e4b\u8def\u2014\u8f3e\u8f49\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u7642\u990a\u9662\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u798f\u90ca\u5916\u5c71\u5340\u3001\u67cf\u6797\u53ca\u745e\u58eb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u3010\u57162\u3011 \u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8857\u9053\uff0c\u67cf\u6797\u300b\uff08Street, Berlin\uff09\uff0c1913\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c120.6 x 91.1 cm\uff0c\u7d10\u7d04\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7d10\u7d04\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57163\u3011 \u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8cbb\u99ac\u6069\u6d77\u5cb8\u7684\u6d77\u7063\u300b\uff08Bay on the Coast of Fehmarn\uff09\uff0c1913\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c126 x 90 cm\uff0c\u6cd5\u862d\u514b\u798f\u65bd\u6cf0\u5fb7\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u65bd\u6cf0\u5fb7\u7f8e\u8853\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6230\u706b\u4e0b\u7684\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1985\u5e74\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08The Getty Research Institute\uff09\u5f9e\u5fb7\u570b\u5f8b\u5e2b\u517c\u85dd\u8853\u5c08\u5bb6\u5a01\u5ec9\u30fb\u963f\u6069\u8328\uff08Wilhelm Arntz, 1903-1985\uff09\u53d6\u5f97\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apokalpse, 1917-1932\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u96c6\uff0c\u662f\u756b\u5bb6\u96e3\u5f97\u4e00\u898b\u7684\u8056\u7d93\u984c\u6750\uff0c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u6975\u5c0f\u4e14\u7e6a\u65bc\u9999\u7159\u76d2\u7d19\uff0c\u8fc4\u4eca\u4ecd\u9bae\u70ba\u4eba\u77e5\u3002[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6839\u64da\u524d\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u9577\u6258\u99ac\u65af\u30fb\u683c\u7279\u6839\u65af\uff08Thomas W. Gaehtgens, 1940-\uff09\u8207\u7814\u7a76\u54e1\u5b89\u96c5\u30fb\u798f\u65bd\u7d0d\uff08Anja Foerschner\uff09\u8fd1\u671f\u767c\u8868\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5728\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7559\u5b58\u65bc\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u767e\u516b\u5341\u9918\u672c\u7d20\u63cf\u7c3f\u4e2d\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u5a92\u6750\u6975\u70ba\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u5176\u5c01\u9762\u5370\u6709\u5c0f\u5b57\u6a23\u300cLucie Weill\u300d\uff08\u6cd5\u570b\u88dd\u8a02\u5e2b\u540d\u5b57\uff09\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u7d30\u7bc0\u986f\u793a\u51fa\u8a72\u7d20\u63cf\u96c6\u7684\u88dd\u5e40\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u9054\u6c83\u65af\u7642\u990a\u9662\u5167\u79d1\u91ab\u5e2b\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u514b\u30fb\u9b91\u723e\uff08Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Bauer, 1883-1957\uff09\u2014\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u4f5c\u54c1\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6536\u85cf\u5bb6\u8207\u8d0a\u52a9\u4eba\u2014\u4e4b\u8a17\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u9801\u78bc\u7591\u6709\u88c1\u526a\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u907a\u7522\u5370\u7ae0\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u8de1\u8c61\u7686\u986f\u793a\u8a72\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u9032\u5165\u85dd\u8853\u5e02\u5834\u5f8c\u66fe\u906d\u66f4\u52d5\u3002[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u69cb\u601d\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u7684\u52d5\u6a5f\u8207\u904e\u7a0b\u4ee4\u4eba\u597d\u5947\uff0c\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u9760\u7dda\u7d22\u662f\u6249\u9801\u7c3d\u5b57\uff1a\u300c\u9019\u4e9b\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u8349\u5716\u4f5c\u65bc1917\u5e74\uff0c\u51fa\u81eaE L Kirchner\u4e4b\u624b\u300d\uff08Diese Entw\u00fcrfe zur Apocalypse sind aus dem Jahre 1917 E L Kirchner\uff09\u3002[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u5f7c\u6642\u6b63\u503c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u521d\u62b5\u745e\u58eb\u8c9d\u723e\u7dad\u5c24\u7642\u990a\u9662\uff08Bellevue Sanatorium, Kreuzlingen\uff09\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u756b\u6750\uff0c\u7159\u76d2\u6216\u8a31\u662f\u7576\u4e0b\u50c5\u6709\u7684\u96a8\u624b\u4f5c\u756b\u7528\u5177\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u6eff\u8db3\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5167\u5fc3\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u885d\u52d5\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc1917\u5e74\u82071918\u5e74\u4e4b\u9593\u69cb\u60f3\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u6728\u523b\u7248\u756b\u7cfb\u5217\u3002[8]<\/sup><\/a>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u66fe\u65bc\u7d10\u502b\u5821\u570b\u5bb6\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff08Germanisches Museum N\u00fcrnberg\uff09\u7814\u8b80\u675c\u52d2\uff08Albrecht D\u00fcrer, 1471-1528\uff09\u7684\u6728\u677f\u756b\u8207\u9285\u7248\u756b\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u4e26\u7a31\u4ed6\u70ba\u300c\u5fb7\u570b\u85dd\u8853\u4e4b\u7236\u300d\u3002[9]<\/sup><\/a>\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u898b\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u4e0d\u50c5\u66fe\u4ed4\u7d30\u95b1\u8b80\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u964d\u81e8\u524d\u7684\u8056\u7d93\u672b\u65e5\u9810\u8a00\uff0c\u6df1\u53d7\u5176\u7570\u8c61\u529b\u91cf\u6240\u9707\u64bc\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u53c3\u8003\u675c\u52d2\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08The Apocalypse, 1498\uff09\u6728\u677f\u756b\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u518d\u8f49\u5316\u6210\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u8a9e\u5f59\uff0c\u65e2\u8868\u9054\u5c0d\u91cd\u751f\u7684\u6e34\u671b\uff0c\u4e5f\u50b3\u9054\u7126\u8e81\u4e0d\u5b89\u7684\u96c6\u9ad4\u610f\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u96c6\u4ee5\u300c\u81ea\u756b\u50cf\u300d\u4f5c\u70ba\u65b0\u7d04\u672b\u4e16\u7bc7\u7ae0\u7684\u5e8f\u8a00\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u67af\u7626\u75c5\u5bb9\u6563\u4e82\u65bc\u85cd\u8272\u3001\u9752\u7da0\u8272\u53ca\u9ec3\u8272\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u96d9\u624b\u5408\u5341\u7f6e\u65bc\u4e0b\u5df4\uff1b\u6b7b\u795e\u5316\u4f5c\u9ab7\u9acf\uff0c\u4e00\u624b\u642d\u8457\u756b\u5bb6\u80a9\u8180\uff0c\u5f77\u5f7f\u63d0\u9192\u751f\u8005\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5c07\u81f3\u3010\u57164\u3011\u3002\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u672b\u65e5\u5834\u666f\u9010\u4e00\u5c55\u958b\uff0c\u5982\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u4f4d\u9577\u8001\u4fef\u4f0f\u65bc\u5bf6\u5ea7\u524d\u300b\uff08The Twenty-four Elders before the Throne\uff09\u3001\u300a\u8056\u7d04\u7ff0\u7684\u4e03\u500b\u71ed\u53f0\u7570\u8c61\u300b\uff08Saint John\u2019s Vision of the Seven Candlesticks\uff09\u3001\u300a\u672b\u65e5\u56db\u9a0e\u58eb\u300b\uff08The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u6709\u5225\u65bc\u675c\u52d2\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u4e26\u672a\u6309\u7167\u8056\u7d93\u6587\u672c\u9806\u5e8f\u9032\u884c\u6558\u4e8b\uff0c\u7559\u7d66\u89c0\u8005\u7121\u9650\u60f3\u50cf\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57164\u3011 \u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u300a\u81ea\u756b\u50cf\u8207\u6b7b\u795e\u300b\uff08Self-portrait with Death\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\u3002\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u3009\u7b2c\u56db\u7ae0\u8207\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u4f4d\u9577\u8001\u4fef\u4f0f\u65bc\u5bf6\u5ea7\u524d\u300b\u8207\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6bb5\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c07\u4e03\u5370\u5c01\u56b4\u7684\u66f8\u5377\u4ea4\u7d66\u7f94\u7f8a\u300b\uff08God Hands the Book with the Seven Seals to the Lamb\uff09\u672b\u65e5\u5834\u666f\u3010\u57165\u3011\u3002[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u756b\u5bb6\u6839\u64da\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u6025\u4fc3\u7b46\u89f8\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u4f4d\u9577\u8001\u570d\u5750\u65bc\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5bf6\u5ea7\u4e4b\u666f\uff0c\u518d\u4ee5\u7d05\u3001\u7da0\u3001\u9ec3\u3001\u85cd\u5206\u5225\u7a81\u986f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u81c9\u8207\u624b\u3001\u5f69\u8679\u3001\u659c\u967d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56db\u798f\u97f3\u66f8\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u8c61\u5fb5\u7269\uff1a\u4eba\u3001\u7345\u3001\u725b\u3001\u9df9\u3002\u9019\u822c\u7126\u8e81\u7b46\u8abf\u5f15\u9818\u89c0\u8005\u9032\u5165\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u7ae0\u60c5\u7bc0\uff1a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u53f3\u624b\u63e1\u6709\u4e03\u5c01\u5370\u56b4\u7684\u66f8\u5377\uff0c\u4f46\u7121\u4eba\u53ef\u958b\u555f\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u4e00\u96bb\u66fe\u88ab\u6bba\u904e\u3001\u6709\u4e03\u773c\u4e03\u89d2\u7684\u7f94\u7f8a\u524d\u4f86\u62ff\u8d70\u66f8\u5377\uff08\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u4ee5\u5341\u5b57\u67b6\u53d6\u4ee3\u7f8a\u89d2\uff09\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u56db\u798f\u97f3\u66f8\u4f5c\u8005\u3001\u773e\u9577\u8001\u5011\u4fef\u4f0f\u656c\u62dc\u5728\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8207\u7f94\u7f8a\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5927\u8072\u980c\u8b9a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57165\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u7531\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u70ba\u300a\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u4f4d\u9577\u8001\u4fef\u4f0f\u65bc\u5bf6\u5ea7\u524d\u300b\uff08The Twenty-four Elders before the Throne\uff09\u3001\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5c07\u4e03\u5370\u5c01\u56b4\u7684\u66f8\u5377\u4ea4\u7d66\u7f94\u7f8a\u300b\uff08God Hands the Book with the Seven Seals to the Lamb\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6551\u4e16\u4e3b\u964d\u81e8\u5f8c\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7b46\u92d2\u4e00\u8f49\uff0c\u300a\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u7684\u4e03\u500b\u71ed\u53f0\u7570\u8c61\u300b\u73fe\u65bc\u7b2c\u4e09\u6bb5\u672b\u65e5\u6558\u4e8b\u3010\u57166\u3011\uff0c\u8a72\u5834\u666f\u6e90\u81ea\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u3009\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u7bc0\u81f3\u4e8c\u5341\u7bc0\uff08Apocalypse, 1:12-20\uff09\u5167\u5bb9\uff1a\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u65bc\u62d4\u6469\u5cf6\u4e0a\u807d\u898b\u80cc\u5f8c\u97ff\u8d77\u795e\u79d8\u4e4b\u8072\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u8f49\u904e\u8eab\u5bdf\u770b\uff0c\u8d6b\u7136\u9a5a\u898b\u4e03\u500b\u91d1\u71c8\u81fa\uff1b\u8eab\u7a7f\u9577\u8863\u3001\u80f8\u9593\u675f\u8457\u91d1\u5e36\u7684\u767d\u9aee\u4eba\u73fe\u65bc\u71c8\u6aaf\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7942\u53f3\u624b\u62ff\u8457\u4e03\u661f\uff0c\u53e3\u4e2d\u51fa\u4f86\u4e00\u628a\u5169\u5203\u5229\u528d\u3002\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u85c9\u7531\u5f35\u529b\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u9ec3\u3001\u85cd\u3001\u7d05\u53ca\u9ed1\u8272\u7b46\u89f8\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u96e3\u4ee5\u8a00\u55bb\u7684\u8d85\u81ea\u7136\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4fee\u6539\u90e8\u5206\u8056\u7d93\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u756b\u9762\u4e2d\u50c5\u6709\u4e94\u5ea7\u71c8\u6aaf\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5411\u898b\u8b49\u8005\u8209\u8d77\u5de6\u624b\u800c\u975e\u53f3\u624b\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u4e26\u672a\u63cf\u5beb\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u9818\u53d7\u795e\u8aed\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u756b\u9762\u8996\u89d2\u5f77\u5f7f\u662f\u4ed6\u89aa\u773c\u898b\u5230\u795e\u8056\u7570\u8c61\uff0c\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u822c\u8996\u89ba\u6548\u679c\u8207\u9b06\u6563\u7684\u7d20\u63cf\u7dda\u689d\u76f8\u5f97\u76ca\u5f70\uff0c\u7e2e\u77ed\u89c0\u773e\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u5716\u50cf\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57166\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u300a\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u7684\u4e03\u500b\u71ed\u53f0\u7570\u8c61\u300b\uff08Saint John\u2019s Vision of the Seven Candlesticks\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u3009\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\uff1a\u300a\u8056\u7d04\u7ff0\u5403\u5c0f\u66f8\u5377\u300b\uff08Saint John Devouring the Book\uff09\u7dca\u63a5\u65bc\u300a\u8056\u7d04\u7ff0\u7684\u4e03\u500b\u71ed\u53f0\u7570\u8c61\u300b\u5f8c\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f7f\u5f92\u7d04\u7ff0\u627f\u64d4\u672b\u65e5\u4f7f\u8005\u4e4b\u4f7f\u547d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9818\u53d7\u795e\u7684\u8a71\u8a9e\uff0c\u4e5f\u627f\u64d4\u672b\u4e16\u5be9\u5224\u7684\u5ba3\u63da\u3010\u57167\u3011\u3002\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6063\u610f\u526a\u8cbc\u8056\u7d93\u6558\u4e8b\u6642\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f7f\u7d93\u6587\u7d30\u7bc0\u5e7b\u5316\u6210\u60c5\u611f\u6eff\u6ea2\u7684\u96f6\u6563\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u672b\u4e16\u4e03\u5370\u63ed\u958b\u5f8c\u7684\u5927\u707d\u96e3\u2014\u7b2c\u516b\u7ae0\uff1a\u300a\u4e03\u4f4d\u5929\u4f7f\u5439\u865f\u300b\uff08The Sounding of the Seven Angles\uff09\u8207\u7b2c\u5341\u516d\u7ae0\uff1a\u300a\u795e\u5fff\u6012\u7684\u4e03\u7897\u300b\uff08The Angels Pouring Out the Vials Filled with God\u2019s Wrath\uff09\u3002\u63a5\u8457\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u4ee5\u7cbe\u7c21\u4fd0\u843d\u7684\u925b\u7b46\u7dda\u689d\u52fe\u52d2\u51fa\u7a7a\u9593\u8f2a\u5ed3\uff0c\u4f50\u4ee5\u7d05\u3001\u9ec3\u3001\u9ed1\u7b49\u6c34\u5f69\u8272\u584a\uff0c\u65bc\u7b2c\u516b\u6bb5\u5834\u666f\u5448\u73fe\u672b\u65e5\u7d93\u6587\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u5167\u5bb9\u3010\u57168\u3011\uff1a\u7576\u7f94\u7f8a\u89e3\u958b\u672b\u65e5\u7b2c\u4e00\u81f3\u7b2c\u56db\u5370\u5f8c\uff0c\u300c\u761f\u75ab\u300d\u982d\u6234\u51a0\u5195\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u9577\u5f13\uff0c\u8eab\u9a0e\u767d\u99ac\u7387\u5148\u964d\u81e8\u65bc\u4e16\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u300c\u6230\u722d\u300d\u8eab\u9a0e\u7d05\u99ac\uff0c\u5927\u5200\u95ca\u65a7\uff1b\u300c\u9951\u8352\u300d\u9a0e\u8457\u9ed1\u99ac\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u5929\u79e4\uff0c\u800c\u300c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u300d\u7b56\u9a0e\u4e00\u5339\u84bc\u767d\u7684\u99ac\uff0c\u5730\u7344\u96a8\u4e4b\u800c\u4f86\u3002\u5c0d\u6b64\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u4e26\u672a\u8457\u58a8\u6232\u5287\u6027\u6a4b\u6bb5\uff0c\u5176\u7b46\u4e0b\u7684\u672b\u65e5\u56db\u9a0e\u58eb\u5f77\u5f7f\u4ecd\u7b49\u5f85\u4e03\u5370\u89e3\u958b\uff0c\u6e96\u5099\u8086\u8650\u4eba\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57167\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u300a\u8056\u7d04\u7ff0\u5403\u5c0f\u66f8\u5377\u300b\uff08Saint John Devouring the Book\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57168\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u300a\u5929\u555f\u56db\u9a0e\u58eb\u300b\uff08The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6b64\u6642\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u672b\u4e16\u9810\u8a00\u7cfb\u5217\u5df2\u63a5\u8fd1\u5c3e\u8072\u3002\u7570\u8c61\u518d\u5ea6\u5f9e\u756b\u7b46\u6e67\u73fe\uff1a\u4e00\u4f4d\u5a66\u4eba\u8eab\u62ab\u65e5\u982d\uff0c\u61f7\u6709\u8eab\u5b55\uff1b\u4e00\u689d\u7d05\u9f8d\u5a01\u5687\u4f3c\u5730\u76e4\u65cb\u65bc\u5979\u8eab\u5f8c\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u5a66\u4eba\u7522\u4e0b\u4e00\u540d\u7537\u5b69\uff0c\u9003\u5230\u66e0\u91ce\uff0c\u5c0b\u5f97\u795e\u7684\u5e87\u8b77\uff1b\u9f8d\u8207\u5929\u4f7f\u722d\u6230\uff0c\u96a8\u5373\u88ab\u6253\u843d\u5728\u5730\uff0c\u8f49\u800c\u5411\u5a66\u4eba\u767c\u6012\u3010\u57169\u3011\u3002\u5982\u524d\u5e7e\u5e45\u5716\u666f\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7701\u7565\u539f\u6587\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4f9d\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u3009\u7b2c\u5341\u4e8c\u7ae0\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u524d\u8ff0\u7d05\u9f8d\u5177\u6709\u4e03\u982d\u5341\u89d2\u3001\u6234\u8457\u4e03\u51a0\u5195\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7d20\u63cf\u5a92\u6750\u7684\u5373\u6642\u6027\u66f4\u70ba\u7a81\u986f\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u8868\u9054\u5b97\u6559\u795e\u5947\u5e7b\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u8ff7\u4e82\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57169\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u7531\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u70ba\u300a\u65e5\u5149\u853d\u9ad4\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u8207\u5927\u7d05\u9f8d\u300b\uff08The Woman Clothed with the Sun and the Dragon\uff09\u3001\u300a\u65e5\u5149\u853d\u9ad4\u7684\u5973\u4eba\u9003\u96e2\u5927\u7d05\u9f8d\u300b\uff08The Woman Clothed with the Sun Flees from the Dragon\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6cbf\u8457\u6563\u4e82\u69cb\u5716\u7684\u5f15\u5c0e\uff0c\u89c0\u8005\u773c\u524d\u51fa\u73fe\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u3009\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0\u9810\u8a00\u7684\u6a21\u7cca\u8f2a\u5ed3\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e94\u4f4d\u5929\u4f7f\u5439\u865f\uff0c\u4e00\u9846\u661f\u843d\u81f3\u5730\u9762\uff0c\u7159\u9727\u7030\u6f2b\u5927\u5730\uff0c\u9813\u6642\u8757\u87f2\u7fa4\u98db\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u751f\u7269\u5f62\u4f3c\u4eba\uff0c\u982d\u6234\u91d1\u51a0\uff0c\u8eab\u7a7f\u9435\u7532\uff0c\u50cf\u662f\u9810\u5099\u51fa\u6230\u7684\u99ac\u5339\uff0c\u552f\u7368\u653b\u64ca\u984d\u982d\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u795e\u5370\u8a18\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u4e00\u5f35\u672b\u65e5\u5716\u50cf\u805a\u7126\u65bc\u300a\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u5927\u6deb\u5a66\u300b\uff08The Whore of Babylon\uff09\u7ae0\u7bc0\uff0c\u7d93\u904e\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u91cd\u65b0\u8a6e\u91cb\uff0c\u7d93\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u6deb\u5a66\u6416\u8eab\u6210\u8eab\u9a0e\u5c71\u7f8a\u7684\u8c50\u6eff\u88f8\u5973\uff0c\u5979\u624b\u62ff\u91d1\u676f\uff0c\u300c\u676f\u4e2d\u76db\u6eff\u4e86\u53ef\u618e\u4e4b\u7269\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5979\u6deb\u4e82\u7684\u6c61\u7a62\u3002\u300d\u3010\u571610\u3011[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\u96a8\u5373\u621b\u7136\u800c\u6b62\uff0c\u7559\u4e0b\u4e9b\u8a31\u7a7a\u767d\u9801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u571610\u3011\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\uff08Ernst Ludwig Kirchner\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\uff08Apocalypse\uff09\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u518a\uff1a\u7531\u5de6\u81f3\u53f3\u70ba\u300a\u8757\u7fa4\u4e0b\u7684\u4eba\u985e\u82e6\u96e3\u300b\uff08The Torment of Humankind by the Locusts\uff09\u3001\u300a\u5df4\u6bd4\u502b\u5927\u6deb\u5a66\u300b\uff08The Whore of Babylon\uff09\uff0c1917\u5e74\uff0c\u925b\u7b46\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u3001\u9999\u83f8\u76d2\uff0c6.3 \u00d7 5.3 cm\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u84cb\u5e1d\u7814\u7a76\u6240<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u524d\u5c0d\u65bc\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u5716\u50cf\u7cfb\u5217\u4e4b\u63a2\u6790\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5716\u50cf\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u70ba\u4f55\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u9078\u64c7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u672b\u65e5\u7bc7\u7ae0\u4f5c\u70ba\u5176\u5716\u756b\u984c\u6750\u3002\u518d\u8005\uff0c\u672b\u4e16\u5be9\u5224\u4e4b\u6700\u5927\u5bd3\u610f\u5728\u65bc\u8fce\u63a5\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u672a\u63a1\u7528\u539f\u6587\u6558\u4e8b\u88e1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u89c0\u9ede\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u91cd\u65b0\u7de8\u6392\u7d93\u6587\u67b6\u69cb\uff0c\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u7981\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5426\u523b\u610f\u7701\u7565\u795e\u61c9\u8a31\u7684\u65b0\u5929\u65b0\u5730\uff1f\u6216\u662f\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u5fc3\u529b\u69cb\u60f3\u5269\u9918\u7bc7\u7ae0\u3002\u95dc\u65bc\u5176\u9918\u7d30\u7bc0\u5982\u8056\u7d93\u60c5\u666f\u7684\u518d\u73fe\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7686\u986f\u793a\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u66fe\u53c3\u8003\u675c\u52d2\u7684\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u6728\u677f\u756b\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u4f46\u5169\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5716\u50cf\u95dc\u4fc2\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5c0d\u61c9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u7684\u5fb7\u570b\u6587\u4eba\u96c5\u58eb\u5c07\u570b\u5bb6\u60b2\u6158\u547d\u904b\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u5275\u4f5c\u7ce7\u98df\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u7684\u672b\u65e5\u6558\u4e8b\u662f\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u7684\u7e2e\u5f71\uff0c\u5145\u6eff\u77db\u76fe\u8207\u885d\u7a81\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u73fe\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u65bc1918\u5e74\u8457\u624b\u9032\u884c\u53e6\u4e00\u8056\u7d93\u6545\u4e8b\u300a\u62bc\u6c99\u9f8d\u300b\uff08Absalom<\/em>\uff09\u6728\u677f\u756b\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c[12]<\/sup><\/a>\u9019\u7a2e\u5275\u4f5c\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a8\u65b7\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u610f\u5716\u5f9e\u751f\u6d3b\u9031\u906d\u53d6\u6750\u8f49\u63db\u70ba\u81ea\u6211\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u610f\u8c61\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bb6\u9109\u82e6\u60f1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6292\u767c\u8eab\u70ba\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u7684\u5bbf\u547d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8eab\u70ba\u4eba\u985e\u6240\u7d93\u6b77\u7684\u5167\u5fc3\u6399\u624e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4eba\u4e16\u4e00\u77ac<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u6c34\u5f69\u7d20\u63cf\u96c6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8c\u5341\u9918\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b\u653f\u5c40\u4ecd\u6108\u8da8\u7dca\u5f35\u3002\u5118\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u8a66\u5716\u529b\u6297\u7d0d\u7cb9\u9ee8\u5a01\u8105\u3001\u4f5c\u54c1\u92b7\u552e\u56f0\u96e3\u6240\u81f4\u7684\u640d\u5931\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc1931\u5e74\u53c3\u52a0\u4e86\u5728\u7d10\u7d04\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff08Museum of Modern Art\uff09\u8209\u8fa6\u7684\u300a\u5fb7\u570b\u7e6a\u756b\u8207\u96d5\u5851\u300b\uff08German Paintings and Sculpture\uff09\u5c55\u89bd\uff0c\u4e14\u57281933\u5e74\u65bc\u745e\u58eb\u4f2f\u723e\u5c3c\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\uff08Kunsthalle Bern\uff09\u8209\u8fa6\u56de\u9867\u5c55\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u5316\u540d\u8def\u6613\u30fb\u5fb7\u30fb\u99ac\u723e\u85a9\u52d2\uff08Louis de Marsalle\u00a0\uff09\u7de8\u5beb\u5c55\u518a\u6587\u7ae0\u3002[13]<\/sup><\/a>1937\u5e74\uff0c\u7d0d\u7cb9\u9ee8\u5f9e\u516c\u5171\u85dd\u8853\u5178\u85cf\u6a5f\u69cb\u79fb\u9664\u3001\u6c92\u6536\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u591a\u6578\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5c07\u5176\u5217\u5165\u300c\u9839\u5ee2\u85dd\u8853\u5c55\u300d\uff08Degenerate Art\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u82e6\u4e0d\u582a\u8a00\u30021938\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u773c\u898b\u7d0d\u7cb9\u5df2\u4f75\u541e\u5967\u5730\u5229\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5bb3\u6015\u745e\u58eb\u53d7\u5230\u6215\u5bb3\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u6467\u6bc0\u90e8\u5206\u6728\u523b\u5370\u7248\u8207\u96d5\u5851\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u572858\u6b72\u751f\u65e5\u90a3\u5929\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u672a\u6536\u5230\u5fb7\u570b\u89aa\u53cb\u795d\u798f\uff0c\u9019\u52a0\u6df1\u4e86\u5167\u5fc3\u5b64\u7368\u611f\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5c0d\u5fb7\u570b\u7576\u524d\u5c40\u52e2\u8207\u524d\u666f\u500d\u611f\u5931\u671b\uff1b\u540c\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d6\u6d88\u8207\u5384\u723e\u5a1c\u7684\u5a5a\u79ae\uff0c\u4e26\u65bc\u745e\u58eb\u81ea\u5bb6\u9580\u53e3\u8209\u69cd\u81ea\u76e1\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> \u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u5beb\u4fe1\u81f3\u53cb\u4eba\u970d\u683c\u52d2\uff08Max Huggler, 1903-1994\uff09\uff1a\u201cif the horrors of a war should come over Europe again, it would be better to be dead. Sick, miserable, alone, \u2018oh who would inhabit this black world again?\u2019\u201d Thomas W. Gaehtgens and Anja Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d Getty Research Journal<\/em> 6 (Jan. 2014): 83-102.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u514b\u5e0c\u90a3\u7684\u751f\u5e73\u8207\u6a4b\u793e\u767c\u5c55\u76f8\u95dc\u6587\u737b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u4f86\u6e90\u70ba \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner,\u201d Br\u00fccke-Museum, https:\/\/www.bruecke-museum.de\/en\/sammlung\/kuenstler\/791\/ernst-ludwig-kirchner<\/a> (accessed May 1, 2025);
\u201cE. L. Kirchner Biography,\u201d Kirchner Museum Davos, https:\/\/kirchnermuseum.ch\/en\/the-collection\/e-l-kirchner-biography\/ <\/a>(accessed May 3, 2025);
Donald E. Gordon, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Mit einem kritischen Katalog s\u00e4mtlicher Gem\u00e4hlde<\/em> (Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1968).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a>\u6b64\u6bb5\u300a\u6a4b\u793e\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u82f1\u6587\u8b6f\u6587\uff1a\u201cWhoever renders directly and authentically that which impels him to create is one of us.\u201d \u8f49\u5f15\u81eaThe Museum of Modern Art\u3002
\u201cManifesto of the Br\u00fccke Artists’ Group (1906),\u201d MoMA, https:\/\/www.moma.org\/collection\/works\/107109?artist_id=3115&page=1&sov_referrer=artist<\/a> (accessed May 3, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Gordon, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Mit einem kritischen Katalog s\u00e4mtlicher Gem\u00e4hlde<\/em>, p. 19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u7d30\u7bc0\uff0c\u53c3\u898bGetty Research Institute Digital Collections\u3002
\u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner sketchbooks,\u201d Getty Research Institute Digital Collections, https:\/\/rosettaapp.getty.edu\/delivery\/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE489108<\/a> (accessed May 2, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Gaehtgens and Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d p. 83; quote 4 and 5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> \u7159\u76d2\u5ee0\u724c\u4e5f\u80fd\u8b49\u5be6\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u65bc1919\u5e74\u4ee5\u524d\u7e6a\u88fd\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u3002\u53c3\u898bGaehtgens and Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d p. 84.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> Gaehtgens and Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d p. 84; quote 7 and 8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> Gordon, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Mit einem kritischen Katalog s\u00e4mtlicher Gem\u00e4hlde<\/em>, p. 19; Gaehtgens and Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d p. 89.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> \u95dc\u65bc\u300a\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300b\u4e2d\u6587\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u4e3b\u8981\u53c3\u8003\u4f86\u6e90\u70ba\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u9577\u8001\u6559\u6703\u58eb\u6797\u6559\u6703\u3002\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u7b2c1\u7ae0-\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u5408\u672c\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u9577\u8001\u6559\u6703\u58eb\u6797\u6559\u6703\u300b\uff0c\u7db2\u5740\uff0c<https:\/\/www.sl-pc.org.tw\/bible\/1\/REV\/1<\/a>>\uff082025\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u6aa2\u7d22\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/a> \u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u7b2c17\u7ae0-\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u5408\u672c\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u9577\u8001\u6559\u6703\u58eb\u6797\u6559\u6703\u300b\uff0c\u7db2\u5740\uff0c<https:\/\/www.sl-pc.org.tw\/bible\/1\/REV\/17<\/a>>\uff082025\u5e747\u670815\u65e5\u6aa2\u7d22\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/a> Gaehtgens and Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse,\u201d p. 99.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/a> \u540c\u5e74\uff0c\u514b\u5e0c\u7d0d\u653e\u68c4\u4ed6\u7684\u5316\u540d\u3002\u53c3\u898bBr\u00fccke-Museum\u3002\u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner,\u201d Br\u00fccke-Museum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner.\u201d Br\u00fccke-Museum, https:\/\/www.bruecke-museum.de\/en\/sammlung\/kuenstler\/791\/ernst-ludwig-kirchner<\/a> (accessed May 1, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cE. L. Kirchner Biography.\u201d Kirchner Museum Davos, https:\/\/kirchnermuseum.ch\/en\/the-collection\/e-l-kirchner-biography\/ <\/a>(accessed May 1, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner Sketchbooks.\u201d Getty Research Institute Digital Collections, https:\/\/rosettaapp.getty.edu\/delivery\/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE489108 <\/a>(accessed May 2, 2025).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304-\u4e2d\u6587\u548c\u5408\u672c\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u57fa\u7763\u9577\u8001\u6559\u6703\u58eb\u6797\u6559\u6703\u300b\uff0c\u7db2\u5740\uff0c<https:\/\/www.sl-pc.org.tw\/bible\/1\/REV\/1<\/a>>\uff082025\u5e747\u67081\u65e5\u6aa2\u7d22\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gaehtgens, Thomas W. and Anja Foerschner, \u201cErnst Ludwig Kirchner\u2019s Drawings of the Apocalypse.\u201d Getty Research Journal<\/em> 6 (Jan. 2014): 83-102.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gordon, Donald E., Ernst Ludwig Kirchner: Mit einem kritischen Katalog s\u00e4mtlicher Gem\u00e4hlde<\/em>. Munich: Prestel-Verlag, 1968.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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