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\u6587\uff0f\u5289\u8afa\u6a3a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u3010\u57161\u3011\u5f7c\u5f97\u7f85\uff0e\u5fb7\uff0e\u6885\u7d0d\uff08Pedro de Mena\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4e03\u82e6\u8056\u6bcd\u300b\uff08Mater Dolorosa\uff09\uff0c\u7d041674-85\u5e74\uff0c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\uff0c63 x 58.7 x 38.1 cm\uff0c\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u5927\u90fd\u6703\u7f8e\u8853\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u6839\u64da\u7576\u5730\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\u7684\u4e0a\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u5fc5\u9808\u662f\u7531\u756b\u5bb6\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u96d5\u5851\u5bb6\u4e0d\u53ef\u517c\u4efb\u5f69\u8272\u6728\u96d5\u7684\u5f69\u7e6a\u8005\u3002\u9019\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5546\u696d\u7684\u516c\u5e73\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u8b93\u6709\u8db3\u5920\u624b\u85dd\u7684\u756b\u5bb6\u5b8c\u6210\u5ba2\u6236\u7684\u59d4\u8a17\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6240\u77e5\u7684\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u756b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u904e\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\u7684\u4e0a\u8272\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57162\u3011\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5fb7\uff0e\u7956\u5df4\u862d\uff08Francisco de Zurbar\u00e1n\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u7f94\u7f8a\u300b\uff08Agnus Dei\uff09\uff0c1635-40\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c37.3 x 62 cm\uff0c\u666e\u62c9\u591a\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u666e\u62c9\u591a\u7f8e\u8853\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5beb\u4e0b\u300a\u5716\u756b\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u300b\uff08Arte de la Pintura, su anti<\/em>g\u00fc<\/em>edad, y grandezas<\/em>, 1649\uff09\u7684\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5e15\u5207\u79d1\uff08Francisco Pacheco, 1564-1644\uff09\u5c31\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u8ddf\u80e1\u5b89\uff0e\u99ac\u5824\u5167\u65af\uff0e\u8499\u5854\u6d85\u65af\uff08Juan Mart\u00ednez Monta\u00f1\u00e9s, 1568-1649\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\uff1b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u975c\u7269\u8207\u5b97\u6559\u756b\u5bb6\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5fb7\uff0e\u7956\u5df4\u862d\uff08Francisco de Zurbar\u00e1n, 1598-1664\uff09\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3010\u57162\u3011\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u4e00\u7d19\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\u7684\u5408\u7d04\u4e2d\uff1b\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u8eab\u70ba\u96d5\u5851\u5bb6\u8207\u756b\u5bb6\u7684\u963f\u9686\u7d22\uff0e\u5361\u8afe\uff08Alonso Cano, 1601-1667\uff09\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u5229\u7528\u8eab\u70ba\u756b\u5bb6\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u70ba\u96d5\u5851\u4e0a\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57163\u3011\u80e1\u5b89\uff0e\u99ac\u5824\u5167\u65af\uff0e\u8499\u5854\u6d85\u65af\uff08Juan Mart\u00ednez Monta\u00f1\u00e9s\uff09\u8207\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5e15\u5207\u79d1\uff08Francisco Pacheco\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8036\u7a4c\u53d7\u96e3\u300b\uff08El Cristo la Clemencia\uff09\uff0c1603-6\u5e74\uff0c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\uff0cH182.7 x W150 cm\uff0c\u8cfd\u7dad\u723e\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\uff08\u9577\u671f\u501f\u5c55\u7d66\u8cfd\u7dad\u723e\u4e3b\u6559\u5802\uff09\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia Commons<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u53c8\u4f8b\u5982\u5e15\u5207\u79d1\u5728\u70ba\u300a\u8036\u7a4c\u53d7\u96e3\u300b\uff08El Cristo la Clemencia, 1603-6\uff09\u3010\u57163\u3011\u4e0a\u8272\u6642\uff0c\u7279\u610f\u5c07\u8036\u7a4c\u808b\u9aa8\u7684\u51f9\u9677\u8655\u4ee5\u53ca\u814b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7528\u8f03\u6697\u7684\u819a\u8272\u7e6a\u88fd\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u539f\u4f86\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u5728\u5e73\u9762\u7e6a\u756b\u4e0a\u88fd\u9020\u7acb\u9ad4\u6548\u679c\u7684\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u88ab\u756b\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u5728\u96d5\u5851\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u4f8b\u5b50\u90fd\u53ef\u8996\u4f5c\u756b\u5bb6\u8a66\u8457\u8de8\u8d8a\u5a92\u6750\u754c\u7dda\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u7e6a\u756b<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u63d0\u5230\u7fa9\u5927\u5229\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u7e6a\u756b\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u8ab2\u672c\u5fc5\u5b9a\u63d0\u5230\u5361\u62c9\u74e6\u55ac\uff08Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, 1571-1610\uff09\u5c0d\u5341\u4e03\u4e16\u7d00\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u6df1\u9060\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u5361\u62c9\u74e6\u55ac\u904b\u7528\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5149\u5f71\u5c0d\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u5275\u9020\u4e86\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u6232\u5287\u6548\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7acb\u9ad4\u611f\uff0c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u756b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u88ab\u6b78\u7d0d\u5728\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\u5e03\u96f7\uff08Xavier Bray, 1972-\uff09\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u7684\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u89f8\u624b\u53ef\u53ca\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u7576\u5730\u756b\u5bb6\u7684\u8166\u6d77\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u6709\u9019\u4e9b\u7acb\u9ad4\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u6709\u8457\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5beb\u5be6\u53ca\u81ea\u7136\u4e3b\u7fa9\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u96d5\u50cf\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u900f\u904e\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u9032\u5165\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u5728\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7559\u4e0b\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u7522\u751f\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57164\u3011\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5fb7\uff0e\u7956\u5df4\u862d\uff08Francisco de Zurbar\u00e1n\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8036\u7a4c\u53d7\u96e3\u300b\uff08The Crucifixion\uff09\uff0c1627\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c290.3 x 165.5 cm\uff0c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u3010\u57165\u3011\u59d4\u62c9\u65af\u8cb4\u8332\uff08Diego Vel\u00e1zquez\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u7121\u73b7\u8056\u6bcd\u300b\uff08The Immaculate Conception\uff09\uff0c1618-19\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c135 x 101.6 cm\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u756b\u5eca\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u82f1\u570b\u570b\u5bb6\u756b\u5eca<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57166\u3011\u80e1\u5b89\uff0e\u99ac\u5824\u5167\u65af\uff0e\u8499\u5854\u6d85\u65af\uff08Juan Mart\u00ednez Monta\u00f1\u00e9s\uff09\u8207\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5e15\u5207\u79d1\uff08Francisco Pacheco\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u7121\u73b7\u8056\u6bcd\u300b\uff08Inmaculada Concepci\u00f3n\uff09\uff0c1606-08\u5e74\uff0c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\uff0c\u8056\u6bcd\u795e\u6170\u6559\u5802\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1aWikimedia Commons<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u500b\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u83ab\u904e\u65bc\u59d4\u62c9\u65af\u8cb4\u8332\uff08Diego Vel\u00e1zquez, 1599-1660\uff09\u7684\u300a\u7121\u73b7\u8056\u6bcd\u300b\uff08The Immaculate Conception, 1618-19\uff09\u3010\u57165\u3011\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4ef6\u8077\u6daf\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u9075\u5faa\u5716\u50cf\u5b78\u7684\u6163\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c07\u746a\u9e97\u4e9e\u63cf\u7e6a\u6210\u555f\u793a\u9304\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u6708\u4eae\u4e0a\u62ab\u6234\u65e5\u661f\u51a0\u5195\u7684\u5a66\u4eba\u3002[2]<\/a>\u300c\u7121\u73b7\u8056\u6bcd\u300d\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4e3b\u984c\uff0c\u5e03\u96f7\u8a8d\u70ba\u59d4\u62c9\u65af\u8cb4\u8332\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u540c\u6a23\u4e3b\u984c\u7684\u6728\u96d5\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u59d4\u62c9\u65af\u8cb4\u8332\u7684\u5cb3\u7236\uff08\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff09\u5e15\u5207\u79d1\u8ddf\u99ac\u5824\u5167\u65af\uff0e\u8499\u5854\u6d85\u65af\u5171\u540c\u88fd\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u7121\u73b7\u8056\u6bcd\u300b\uff08Inmaculada Concepci\u00f3n, 1606-08\uff09\u3010\u57166\u3011\u3002\u800c\u5f9e\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u88e1\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u63cf\u7e6a\u8863\u670d\u76ba\u8936\u584a\u72c0\u611f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u5230\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6728\u96d5\u7684\u539a\u91cd\u8996\u89ba\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57167\u3011\u6cd5\u862d\u897f\u65af\u79d1\uff0e\u5fb7\uff0e\u7956\u5df4\u862d\uff08Francisco de Zurbar\u00e1n\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8036\u7a4c\u53d7\u96e3\u300b\uff08The Crucifixion\uff09\u5c40\u90e8\uff0c1627\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u756b\u5e03\uff0c290.3 x 165.5 cm\uff0c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u829d\u52a0\u54e5\u85dd\u8853\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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\u7d50\u8a9e<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5a92\u6750\u662f\u80fd\u5920\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u6307\u756b\u5bb6\u5728\u70ba\u6728\u96d5\u4e0a\u8272\u6642\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u5c07\u5e73\u9762\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u5e36\u5165\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\uff0c\u5f69\u7e6a\u6728\u96d5\u9019\u6a23\u9a5a\u4eba\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u9ad4\u9a57\uff0c\u4e5f\u80fd\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u7e6a\u756b\u3002\u5728\u601d\u8003\u5716\u50cf\u5275\u4f5c\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u6642\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6709\u6642\u6703\u904e\u5ea6\u4fb7\u9650\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u756b\u5bb6\u5fc5\u5b9a\u662f\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u67d0\u500b\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u756b\u4f5c\u6df1\u53d7\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u624d\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u4e8b\u5be6\u7684\u5168\u8c8c\u3002\u5728\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u7684\u8108\u7d61\u4e2d\uff0c\u5a92\u6750\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u5316\u5b78\u53cd\u61c9\u662f\u4ea4\u7e54\u800c\u975e\u55ae\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u8996\u89ba\u85dd\u8853\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u624d\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Xavier Bray, \u201cThe Sacred Made Real: Spanish Painting and Sculpture 1600\u20131700,\u201d in Xavier Bray et al., eds.,The Sacred Made Real: Spanish Painting and Sculpture, 1600\u20131700<\/em>, (London: National Gallery, 2009), p. 22.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u300c\u5929\u4e0a\u73fe\u51fa\u5927\u7570\u8c61\u4f86\uff1a\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5a66\u4eba\u8eab\u62ab\u65e5\u982d\uff0c\u8173\u8e0f\u6708\u4eae\uff0c\u982d\u6234\u5341\u4e8c\u661f\u7684\u51a0\u5195\u3002\u300d\uff08\u3008\u555f\u793a\u9304\u300912:1\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Xavier Bray, \u201cThe Sacred Made Real: Spanish Painting and Sculpture 1600\u20131700,\u201d p. 32.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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