{"id":23303,"date":"2026-08-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-20T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=23303"},"modified":"2026-08-18T19:43:12","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T11:43:12","slug":"%e6%96%b0%e8%8b%b1%e6%a0%bc%e8%98%ad%e6%a3%ae%e6%9e%97%e5%9c%b0%e6%99%af%e7%9a%84%e6%99%82%e9%96%93%e5%88%87%e7%89%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=23303","title":{"rendered":"\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u666f\u7684\u6642\u9593\u5207\u7247"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6587\uff0f\u912d\u53f0\u7965<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u300c\u5730\u666f\u300d\uff08Landscape\uff09\u4e00\u8a5e\uff0c\u56de\u6b78\u5230\u6700\u539f\u521d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u300c\u88ab\u5f62\u5851\u7684\u571f\u5730\u300d\uff08Land shaped\uff09\u3002[1]<\/a> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u7f8e\u570b\u4eba\u6587\u5730\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u7d39\u723e\uff08Carl O. Sauer, 1889-1975\uff09\u6700\u7d93\u5178\u7684\u8aaa\u6cd5\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6587\u5316\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u5b83\u5448\u73fe\u4e86\u5ba2\u89c0\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u4e8b\u5be6\uff0c\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u4eba\u985e\u4e4b\u624b\u5851\u9020\u3001\u6642\u9593\u529b\u91cf\u8abf\u6574\u7684\u7522\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u81ea\u7136\u74b0\u5883\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u300c\u2026\u4eba\u6587\u662f\u4f5c\u7528\u8005\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u5a92\u4ecb\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u5247\u662f\u7d50\u679c\u300d\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5730\u666f\u90fd\u662f\u6587\u5316\u5730\u666f<\/mark>\u300d\u3002[2]<\/a> \u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u523b\u610f\u52a0\u901f\u6216\u6e1b\u7de9\u81ea\u7136\u904e\u7a0b\u800c\u5275\u9020\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\u2026\u5728\u9019\u88e1\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86\u6642\u9593\u5728\u4f5c\u5de5\u3002<\/mark>\u300d[3]<\/a> \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u65e2\u662f\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u3001\u4e5f\u662f\u6642\u9593\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u5145\u6eff\u8b8a\u52d5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u68ad\u7f85\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u89c0\u5bdf<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\uff0c\u96b1\u5c45\u9ebb\u5dde\u7684\u7f8e\u570b\u8a69\u4eba\u68ad\u7f85\uff08Henry David Thoreau,1817-1862\uff09\u6f2b\u6b65\u65bc\u4e00\u7247\u65b0\u751f\u6797\u5730\u8207\u5ee2\u68c4\u7530\u57c2\u7684\u4ea4\u754c\u3002\u5f7c\u6642\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u8fb2\u6c11\u56e0\u7d93\u6fdf\u8f49\u578b\u7d1b\u7d1b\u96e2\u53bb\uff0c\u8fb2\u5834\u8352\u5ee2\uff0c\u77f3\u7246\u56e0\u98a8\u5439\u65e5\u66ec\u50be\u9839\u5012\u584c\u3002\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5ee2\u68c4\u8a31\u4e45\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4e0a\uff0c\u7adf\u6084\u7136\u751f\u9577\u51fa\u4e00\u6279\u65b0\u7684\u6a61\u6a39\u68ee\u6797\u3002\u8d77\u521d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u70ba\u9019\u53ea\u4e0d\u904e\u662f\u677e\u9f20\u3001\u9ce5\u985e\u7b49\u4efb\u610f\u651c\u5e36\u7a2e\u5b50\uff0c\u6389\u843d\u5728\u571f\u58e4\uff0c\u4e26\u6063\u610f\u751f\u9577\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u96a8\u5373\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u8986\u84cb\u5ee2\u68c4\u8fb2\u5834\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u7a2e\uff0c\u7531\u65bc\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\u8207\u5e02\u5834\u9700\u6c42\u906d\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u780d\u4f10\uff0c\u967d\u5149\u5f97\u4ee5\u7a7f\u900f\u6797\u9699\uff0c\u624d\u8b93\u6a39\u51a0\u4e0b\u7684\u5e95\u5c64\u786c\u6728\u767c\u82bd\u751f\u9577\u3002[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u96a8\u5f8c\uff0c\u68ad\u7f85\u5728\u300a\u68ee\u6797\u7684\u6f14\u66ff\u300b\uff08The succession of forest trees<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u8a18\u4e0b\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u773c\u524d\u770b\u4f3c\u4e99\u53e4\u7684\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u666f\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u6c38\u6046\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8056\u6bbf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u5834\u975c\u9ed8\u7684\u9769\u547d\uff1a\u8fb2\u8015\u9000\u51fa\u3001\u706b\u707d\u6e05\u7406\u3001\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u7a2e\u5165\u4fb5\u3001\u5e95\u5c64\u786c\u6728\u767c\u82bd\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u662f\u4e16\u4ee3\u4eba\u985e\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\uff0c\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u70ba\u5171\u540c\u5354\u529b\u7684\u5f8c\u679c\u3002\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u6c38\u6046\u300d\u53ea\u662f\u4eba\u985e\u5c0d\u6642\u9593\u7684\u77ed\u66ab\u932f\u89ba\uff0c\u8b8a\u52d5\u624d\u662f\u5730\u666f\u7684\u5e38\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57161\u3011\u68ad\u7f85\u96b1\u5c45\u7684\u5eb7\u79d1\u5fb7\u93ae\uff08Concord\uff09\u68ee\u6797\u77f3\u7246\u5730\u666f\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u4f5c\u8005\u912d\u53f0\u7965\u651d\uff082012\u5e7412\u6708\u62cd\u651d\uff09\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\uff08diorama\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u74b0\u5883\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u7684\u7d50\u5408<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f4d\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u9ebb\u5dde\u5f7c\u5f97\u820d\u59c6\uff08Petersham\uff09\u7684\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff0c\u6536\u85cf\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5730\u666f\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\uff08diorama\uff09\uff0c\u7576\u4e2d\u6709\u4e03\u5ea7\u6a21\u578b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u4e2d\u90e8\u5f9e1700\uff0d1930\u5e74\u9593\u68ee\u6797\u8b8a\u9077\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u62d3\u58be\u3001\u6b50\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u5230\u4f86\u3001\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u7522\u696d\u8f49\u578b\u7b49\u968e\u6bb5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u6311\u9078\u5176\u4e2d\u56db\u5e45\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\uff0c\u4f86\u4e00\u7aba\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5728\u9019\u7247\u571f\u5730\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u8207\u68ee\u6797\u6a23\u8c8c\u7684\u8f49\u8b8a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u6797\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u5148\u9a45\u8cbb\u96ea\uff08Richard Fisher, 1876-1934\uff09\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4e26\u7531\u6839\u897f\u8207\u76ae\u7279\u66fc\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff08Guernsey and Pitman studio\uff09\u624b\u5de5\u88fd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728AI\u4e00\u9375\u751f\u6210\u5834\u666f\u5c1a\u672a\u554f\u4e16\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u70ba\u751f\u614b\u8207\u5730\u666f\u5b78\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6829\u6829\u5982\u751f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7d20\u6750\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u80a9\u8ca0\u4e86\u79d1\u666e\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u63a2\u8a0e\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u5730\u666f\u8b8a\u9077\u53f2\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5c07\u751f\u614b\u6f14\u66ff\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u8996\u89ba\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u878d\u5408\u7cbe\u7d30\u5de5\u85dd\u8207\u79d1\u5b78\u6578\u64da\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u5370\u8b49\u5730\u666f\u3001\u74b0\u5883\u53f2\u8207\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u4e09\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u7dca\u5bc6\u95dc\u806f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u88fd\u4f5c\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5718\u968a\u63a1\u7528\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u4eba\u9020\u7684\u8907\u5408\u5f0f\u6750\u6599\uff1a\u6a39\u5e79\u7531\u9285\u7dda\u6346\u675f\u64f0\u6210\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u529b\u6c42\u8cbc\u8fd1\u91dd\u8449\u6a39\u7684\u578b\u614b\uff0c\u8449\u5b50\u7531\u7d30\u9285\u677f\u8755\u523b\u5f8c\u710a\u63a5\u5728\u9285\u7d72\u672b\u7aef\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5e2b\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u4e7e\u71e5\u82d4\u766c\u3001\u5730\u8863\u3001\u7a2e\u5b50\u8207\u690d\u7269\u788e\u5c51\u4f86\u8868\u73fe\u771f\u5be6\u8349\u6728\u3002\u5730\u5f62\u5730\u8c8c\u5247\u63a1\u7528\u5851\u6a21\u3001\u77f3\u818f\u5e95\u6599\u548c\u6728\u6750\u7b49\u4f5c\u70ba\u57fa\u5e95\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u3001\u77f3\u7246\u5247\u7531\u5c0f\u6a39\u679d\u7b49\u6728\u6599\u524a\u6210\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u4eba\u7269\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u3001\u5ca9\u77f3\u7b49\uff0c\u5247\u7531\u9ecf\u571f\u8207\u77f3\u818f\u5f69\u7e6a\u800c\u6210\u3002[6]<\/a> \u3010\u57162\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57162\u3011\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\u7d30\u90e8\uff0c2016\u5e74\uff0cJohn Phelan\u651d\u5f71\uff0c5,472 \u00d7 3,648\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa<\/a>\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u666f\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5<\/strong> \uff081700-1930\uff09<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u5ea7\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u56de\u6eaf\u52301700\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u6b64\u6642\u7684\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u5c3c\u666e\u7a46\u514b\uff08Nipmuc\uff09\u4eba\u7528\u6728\u6750\u5efa\u9020\u6751\u843d\u3001\u7368\u6728\u821f\uff0c\u4e26\u9032\u884c\u706b\u8015\u4ee5\u5229\u72e9\u7375\uff0c\u6574\u9ad4\u4e0a\u4ecd\u7dad\u6301\u4f4e\u5ea6\u958b\u767c\u3002\u68ee\u6797\u7d44\u6210\u4ee5\u91dd\u8449\u8207\u786c\u6728\u6df7\u5408\u70ba\u4e3b\uff0c\u7d50\u69cb\u591a\u6a23\u800c\u958b\u95ca\uff0c\u5927\u81f4\u4fdd\u7559\u8457\u8f03\u70ba\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6a23\u8c8c\u3002[7]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5230\u4e86\u5341\u516b\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u671f\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6b50\u6d32\u79fb\u6c11\u7684\u5230\u4f86\uff0c\u8fb2\u8015\u6210\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u904e\u8457\u7c21\u7d04\u800c\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c\u5728\u6797\u9593\u6e05\u51fa\u4e00\u584a\u584a\u7a7a\u5730\uff0c\u5c6f\u58be\u8fb2\u5834\u3001\u5efa\u9020\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u4e26\u64bf\u62fe\u6563\u843d\u7530\u9593\u7684\u77f3\u584a\u5806\u780c\u77f3\u7246\uff0c\u5708\u5b9a\u5730\u754c\u3002\u3010\u57163\u3011\u96a8\u8457\u4eba\u53e3\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u57ce\u93ae\u5411\u5916\u64f4\u5f35\uff0c\u9053\u8def\u8207\u8015\u5730\u9700\u6c42\u65e5\u589e\uff0c\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u4f10\u6728\u96a8\u4e4b\u5c55\u958b\u3002\u52a0\u4e0a\u56b4\u5bd2\u51ac\u5b63\u7684\u71c3\u6599\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u51fa\u53e3\u8239\u6845\u6728\u6750\u81f3\u82f1\u570b\u7528\u65bc\u5efa\u9020\u8ecd\u8266\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u758a\u52a0\uff0c\u780d\u4f10\u6f6e\u65bc1830\u81f31880\u5e74\u9593\u9054\u5230\u9ad8\u5cf0\u3002\u3010\u57164\u3011\u64da\u4f30\u8a08\uff0c\u9019\u6bb5\u6642\u671f\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u6700\u591a\u6709\u8fd1\u56db\u5206\u4e4b\u4e09\u7684\u6797\u5730\u88ab\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u8fb2\u5834\u3001\u679c\u5712\u8207\u5efa\u7bc9\u7528\u5730\u3002[8]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57163\u3011\u6839\u897f\u8207\u76ae\u7279\u66fc\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff08Guernsey and Pitman Studio\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u65e9\u5e74\u71df\u751f\u8fb2\u58341740\u300b\uff08An Early Subsistence Farm<\/em> (1740)\uff09\uff0c2013\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\uff0c5,153 \u00d7 3,021\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57164\u3011\u6839\u897f\u8207\u76ae\u7279\u66fc\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff08Guernsey and Pitman Studio\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8fb2\u5834\u958b\u58be\u5dd4\u5cf01830\u300b\uff08Height of Farm Development<\/em> (1830)\uff09\uff0c2013\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\uff0c5,219 \u00d7 2,961\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u81ea\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u671f\u8d77\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u9032\u7a0b\u3001\u4f0a\u5229\u904b\u6cb3\u958b\u901a\u8207\u5bc6\u96c6\u9435\u8def\u7db2\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff0c\u6253\u958b\u4e86\u6771\u90e8\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u9580\u6236\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u7c97\u653e\u7684\u5c0f\u9ea5\u7a40\u7269\u50be\u92b7\u800c\u81f3\uff0c\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u5730\u5340\u591a\u77f3\u3001\u9661\u5ced\u3001\u571f\u58e4\u8ca7\u7620\uff0c\u5c0f\u898f\u6a21\u7684\u5c71\u5730\u8fb2\u5834\uff0c\u751f\u7522\u6210\u672c\u4e0d\u6575\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u6a5f\u68b0\u5316\u3001\u7c97\u653e\u7684\u5e73\u539f\u8fb2\u696d\uff0c\u63a5\u9023\u5012\u9589\uff0c\u8fb2\u5834\u96a8\u4e4b\u8352\u5ee2\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u8fb2\u6c11\u88ab\u8feb\u8f49\u578b\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u7cbe\u7dfb\u916a\u8fb2\u696d\u6216\u6539\u7a2e\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\u8f03\u9ad8\u4f5c\u7269\u5982\u860b\u679c\u3001\u85cd\u8393\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u6216\u4e7e\u8106\u524d\u5f80\u52a0\u5dde\u638f\u91d1\u3002[9]<\/a> \u8a31\u591a\u8fb2\u5834\u96a8\u4e4b\u8352\u5ee2\u3002\u3010\u57165\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5ee2\u68c4\u7684\u7267\u5834\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u6f14\u66ff\u7684\u5e8f\u5e55\u3002\u7530\u91ce\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u91ce\u8349\u3001\u704c\u6728\uff08\u5982\u8986\u76c6\u5b50\uff09\u7b49\u690d\u7269\u4f54\u64da\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u662f\u6027\u559c\u967d\u5149\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u6a39\u7a2e\u5982\u4e94\u8449\u677e\uff08white pine\uff09\u9032\u99d0\u3002\u5728\u4e94\u8449\u677e\u7684\u6a39\u51a0\u906e\u853d\u4e0b\uff0c\u786c\u6728\u6a39\u7a2e\u5982\u6a61\u6a39\u3001\u5c71\u80e1\u6843\u7b49\u53ea\u80fd\u7de9\u6162\u751f\u9577\u3002\u76f4\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u767c\u73fe\u4e94\u8449\u677e\u9019\u4e00\u6279\u6b21\u751f\u6797\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u751f\u9577\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u88fd\u4f5c\u8ca8\u6ac3\u5c64\u677f\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5e02\u5834\u4e3b\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6ce2\u7684\u4f10\u6728\u904b\u52d5\u3002\u96a8\u8457\u5927\u91cf\u4e94\u8449\u677e\u906d\u5230\u6e05\u9664\uff0c\u539f\u672c\u6a39\u51a0\u4e0b\u7684\u6953\u6a39\u3001\u6a61\u6a39\u7b49\u786c\u6728\u7372\u5f97\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u967d\u5149\uff0c\u5f97\u4ee5\u91cd\u898b\u5929\u65e5\uff0c\u84ec\u52c3\u751f\u9577\u3002[10]<\/a> \u3010\u57166\u3011<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57165\u3011\u6839\u897f\u8207\u76ae\u7279\u66fc\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff08Guernsey and Pitman Studio\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u8fb2\u5834\u8352\u5ee21850\u300b\uff08Farm Abandonment<\/em> (1850)\uff09\uff0c2013\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\uff0c5,284 \u00d7 3,047\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90<\/a>\u3002\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u57166\u3011\u6839\u897f\u8207\u76ae\u7279\u66fc\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\uff08Guernsey and Pitman Studio\uff09\uff0c\u300a\u5ee2\u68c4\u8fb2\u5834\u9577\u51fa\u4e94\u8449\u677e\u67971910\u300b\uff08The Abandoned Farm Produces a White Pine Crop<\/em> (1910)\uff09\uff0c2013\u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u68ee\u6797\u7cfb\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u651d\u5f71\uff0c5,233 \u00d7 3,067\u50cf\u7d20\uff0c\u8cbb\u96ea\u535a\u7269\u9928\u85cf\u3002\u5716\u7248\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a\u7dad\u57fa\u5171\u4eab\u8cc7\u6e90<\/a>\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u770b\u4f3c\u4e99\u53e4\u4e45\u9060\u7684\u81ea\u7136\uff0c\u5be6\u5247\u4e0d\u65b7\u8f49\u77ac\u8b8a\u52d5<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f9e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u9019\u4e00\u7247\u770b\u4f3c\u4e99\u53e4\u4e0d\u8b8a\u7684\u5929\u7136\u7f8e\u666f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e5f\u6b77\u7d93\u4e86\u4eba\u6587\u6d3b\u52d5\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u751f\u614b\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u80af\u7279\u30fb\u840a\u767b\uff08Kent Ryden\uff09\u5728\u300a\u6709\u4eba\u7684\u5730\u666f\u300b\uff08Landscape With Figures<\/em>\uff09\u4e00\u66f8\u6240\u63d0\u9192\u7684\uff1a\u5730\u666f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u986f\u800c\u6613\u898b\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u65bc\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5011\u7d30\u7d30\u8fa8\u8a8d\u7684\u3001\u534a\u96b1\u534a\u986f\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4e4b\u9593\u5f9e\u672a\u9593\u65b7\u7684\u4ea4\u7e54\u8d77\u4f0f\u3002\u95b1\u8b80\u5730\u666f\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u8457\u8f49\u8b6f\u63ed\u9732\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u773c\u524d\u6240\u898b\u7684\u5730\u666f\u90fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u66ab\u6642\u3001\u51dd\u7d50\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u3002[11]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u68ad\u7f85\u5728\u9ebb\u5dde\u7684\u6545\u5c45\u4f9d\u7136\u5438\u5f15\u8a31\u591a\u904a\u5ba2\u53c3\u89c0\u3010\u57161\u3011\uff0c\u4f46\u900f\u904e\u5fae\u7e2e\u6a21\u578b\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8996\u89d2\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5f97\u4ee5\u66f4\u52a0\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u89c0\u770b\u65b0\u82f1\u683c\u862d\u68ee\u6797\u5730\u666f\u7684\u8b8a\u9077\u3002\u7576\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u6a39\u6728\u3001\u5730\u5f62\u8207\u8fb2\u820d\u7b49\u5be6\u9ad4\uff0c\u66f4\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u767e\u5e74\u4f86\u4eba\u5f71\uff08figures\uff09\u5728\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u6240\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u9078\u64c7\u8207\u884c\u52d5\u2500\u2500\u9019\u662f\u4eba\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u5171\u540c\u66f8\u5beb\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u7247\u8449\u5b50\u6591\u99c1\u719f\u843d\u7684\u8868\u5c64\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u6797\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u9053\u50be\u9839\u7684\u77f3\u7246\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u5730\u666f\u90fd\u860a\u85cf\u8457\u6642\u9593\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8207\u6587\u5316\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u9a45\u52d5\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Anne Whiston Spirn, \u2018\u2018 Is Landscape Language?,\u2019\u2019 In, Gareth Doherty, Charles Waldheim, eds. Landscape Is…! Essays on the Meaning of Landscape<\/em> (London: Routledge.2025), p. 312..<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u7d04\u7ff0\u30fb\u5a01\u5229\uff08John Wylie\uff09\uff0c\u738b\u5fd7\u5f18\u3001\u9322\u4f0a\u73b2\u3001\u5f90\u53f0\u73b2\u3001\u5f35\u83ef\u84c0\u8b6f\uff0c\u300a\u5730\u666f\u300b\uff08\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u7fa4\u5b78\uff0c2021\uff09\uff0c\u980127<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> J.B. Jackson, Discovering the Vernacular Landscape<\/em> (Yale University Press, 1984), p. 8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Henry David Thoreau, The Succession of Forest Trees<\/em> (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1887), p. 38.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Hugh M. Raup, \u201cThe View from John Sanderson’s Farm: A Perspective for the Use of the Land,\u201d Forest History Newsletter<\/em>, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Apr., 1966), pp. 2-11<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> David Foster, John F. O’Keefe, New England Forests Through Time : Insights from the Harvard Forest Dioramas<\/em> (Petersham: Harvard Forest, Harvard University.2000), pp. 60-65.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> The Harvard Forest Dioramas, \u2018\u2018Landscape History of Central New England,\u2019\u2019 Fisher Museum, Harvard Forest, Harvard University, https:\/\/harvardforest.fas.harvard.edu\/visit\/fisher-museum\/dioramas\/<\/a> (accessed June 14, 2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> Lloyd C. Irland, \u2018\u2018New England forests : two centuries of a changing landscape,\u2019\u2019 In B. Harrison and R. Judd, eds. New England: A Landscape History<\/em> (Cambridge: MIT Press.2011), p. 57<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> Lloyd C. Irland, \u2018\u2018New England forests,\u2019\u2019 p. 57<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> The Harvard Forest Dioramas, \u201cLandscape History of Central New England,\u201d Fisher Museum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/a> Kent C. Ryden, Landscape with figures : nature and culture in New England<\/em> (Iowa City : University of Iowa Press. 2001), pp. 21-22.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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