{"id":3909,"date":"2018-09-14T00:00:40","date_gmt":"2018-09-13T16:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=3909"},"modified":"2020-10-18T12:35:36","modified_gmt":"2020-10-18T04:35:36","slug":"%e3%80%8c%e8%b1%95%ef%bc%8e%e8%80%85%ef%bc%8e%e6%9c%88%ef%bc%8e%e6%97%81%ef%bc%8e%e6%9c%88%ef%bc%8e%e5%85%89%e3%80%8d%e7%9a%84%e8%97%9d%e8%a1%93%e5%a4%a9%e8%b3%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=3909","title":{"rendered":"\u300c\u8c55\uff0e\u8005\uff0e\u6708\uff0e\u65c1\uff0e\u6708\uff0e\u5149\u300d\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5929\u8ce6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6587 \/ \u6728\u6728\u65e5\u5b89\u3001\u5433\u65b9\u6b63<\/p>\n

\u770b\u5230\u9019\u500b\u984c\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u90fd\u6703\u554f\uff1a\u9019\u751a\u9ebc\u9b3c\u554a\uff01\u597d\u5427\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u8aaa\u7684\u662f\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u4e0d\u597d\u610f\u601d\u8aaa\u90a3\u4e09\u500b\u5b57\u3002\u4fd7\u8a9e\u8aaa\uff1a\u4e0d\u6015\u795e\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5c0d\u624b\uff0c\u5c31\u6015\u8c6c\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u968a\u53cb\u3002\u4f60\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u300c\u8c6c\u300d\u9019\u500b\u5b57\u7684\u8a5e\u8a9e\u591a\u534a\u662f\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u3002\u8aaa\u4eba\u662f\u8c6c\uff0c\u6703\u88ab\u544a\u516c\u7136\u4fae\u8fb1\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u300c\u8180\u80f1\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u9ad8\u901f\u516c\u8def\u585e\u8eca\u6642\u6703\u8b93\u4eba\u593e\u8457\u5927\u817f\u8dfa\u8173\u7684\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u611f\u89ba\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u51fa\u6e05\u5167\u5bb9\u6642\u7684\u89e3\u812b\uff0c\u7f3a\u5c11\u53e3\u8154\u6216\u80c3\u90e8\u585e\u6eff\u4e4b\u969b\u7684\u5feb\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u8c6c\u5e36\u7d66\u4eba\u5011\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u7684\u5feb\u6a02\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u5feb\u6a02\u4e2d\u5916\u7686\u7136\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5403\u4e86\u7260\uff08\u597d\u6b98\u5fcd\u554a\uff01( \u00b4\u2022\u0325\u0325\u0325\u03c9\u2022\u0325\u0325\u0325` )\uff09\uff1a\u6771\u5761\u8089\u3001\u6885\u5e72\u6263\u8089\u3001\u849c\u6ce5\u767d\u8089\u3001\u5496\u54e9\u8c6c\u6392\u2026\uff08\u53ef\u60e1\uff0c\u60f3\u5403\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u54a6\uff1f\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u5462\uff1f\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u9ed1\u767d\u5207\u6524\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u5c0f\u809a\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u4f46\u300c\u9ed1\u767d\u300d\u5169\u5b57\u8db3\u5920\u8aaa\u660e\u52c9\u5f37\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1a\u6708\u5e95\u82b1\u5149\u4e8622K\u52d2\u8932\u5e36\uff0c\u5c07\u5c31\u8457\u5207\u9ede\u5c0f\u809a\u9ed1\u767d\u5403\uff0c\u6c92\u6a6b\u7d0b\u808c\u81f3\u5c11\u9084\u6709\u9ede\u5e73\u6ed1\u808c\u56bc\u56bc\u3002\u800c\u6211\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u5e6b\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u7ffb\u76e4\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u5b83\u5728\u8eab\u9ad4\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6709\u9edelow\uff0c\u4f46\u85dd\u8853\u5929\u8ce6\u4e4b\u9ad8\u53ef\u662f\u8d85\u4e4e\u60f3\u50cf\uff01<\/p>\n

\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u80fd\u6709\u4ec0\u9ebc\u85dd\u8853\u5929\u8ce6\u5462\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u5b83\u80fd\u5c48\u80fd\u4f38\u7684\u5927\u4e08\u592b\u6027\u683c\uff0c\u8b93\u5b83\u88ab\u62ff\u4f86\u505a\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\uff08bladder pipe\uff09\u7684\u6c23\u888b\u3002\u98a8\u7b1b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u9020\u5305\u62ec\u5439\u7ba1\uff08blowpipe\uff09\u3001\u6c23\u888b\uff08pipe bag\uff09\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u97f3\u8abf\u7684\u65cb\u5f8b\u7ba1\uff08chanter\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u6578\u91cf\u4e0d\u7b49\u7684\u55ae\u97f3\u548c\u97f3\u7ba1\uff08drone\uff09\u3002\u98a8\u7b1b\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u52d5\u7269\u76ae\u9769\u7e2b\u88fd\u6c23\u888b\uff0c\u6f14\u594f\u8005\u4ee5\u5341\u6307\u63a7\u5236\u65cb\u5f8b\u7ba1\uff0c\u62b1\u8457\u6c23\u888b\u65bd\u58d3\uff0c\u7b1b\u97f3\u4fbf\u53ef\u4e0d\u56e0\u6f14\u594f\u8005\u547c\u5438\u63db\u6c23\u800c\u4e2d\u65b7\u3002\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u53ea\u662f\u4ee5\u8180\u80f1\u70ba\u6c23\u888b\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c0f\uff0c\u6f14\u594f\u8005\u53ef\u4e5f\u9a30\u4e0d\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e09\u96bb\u624b\u4f86\u58d3\u6c23\u888b\uff0c\u9019\u6697\u793a\u4e86\u8180\u80f1\u7684\u5f48\u6027\u512a\u52e2\u3002\u65e9\u671f\u6709\u4e9b\u98a8\u7b1b\u6c92\u6709\u55ae\u5411\u95a5\u9580\uff0c\u5439\u594f\u8005\u5438\u6c23\u6642\u5f97\u7528\u820c\u982d\u62b5\u8457\u5439\u7ba1\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5439\u9032\u6c23\u888b\u7684\u7a7a\u6c23\u5012\u704c\u5230\u5634\u88e1\u3002\u6b38\u2014\u6b38\u2014\u6b38\uff0c\u5439\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u6280\u8853\u4e0d\u597d\u9084\u6709\u9ede\u5641\u54ea\uff01\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u4eba\u8aaa\u807d\u98a8\u7b1b\u6f14\u594f\u8b93\u4eba\u60f3\u5c3f\u5c3f\uff0c\u96e3\u4e0d\u6210\u8180\u80f1\u6c23\u888b\u7684\u8996\u89ba\u6697\u793a\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u5341\u4e09\u4e16\u7d00\u4e0b\u534a\uff0c\u5728\u5361\u65af\u63d0\u723e\u570b\u738b\u963f\u65b9\u7d22\u5341\u4e16 (Alfonso X of Castile, 1252-84)\u8d0a\u52a9\u4e0b\u7de8\u7e82\u4e86\u4e00\u90e8\u4ee5\u4e2d\u4e16\u7d00\u52a0\u5229\u897f\u4e9e\u8a9e\uff08Galician\uff09\u6284\u5beb\u7684\u300a\u8056\u6bcd\u980c\u6b4c\u96c6\u300b(Cantigas de Santa Maria<\/em>)\u3002\u300a\u8056\u6bcd\u980c\u6b4c\u96c6\u300b\u5167\u542b420\u9996\u8a18\u8b5c\u8a69\u6b4c\uff0c\u4e26\u9644\u6709\u591a\u5e45\u63cf\u7e6a\u6a02\u5e2b\u6f14\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u63d2\u5716\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u3002\u5fb7\u570b\u5df4\u4f10\u5229\u4e9e\u5730\u5340\u6885\u660e\u6839\u57ce\uff08Memmingen\uff09\u7684\u8056\u6bcd\u6559\u5802\u62f1\u5708\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u5e451460\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\u63cf\u7e6a\u5929\u4f7f\u5439\u8457\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u7684\u58c1\u756b\uff0c\u5929\u4f7f\u9f13\u8139\u7684\u96d9\u9830\u547c\u61c9\u8457\u81a8\u5927\u7684\u8180\u80f1\u6c23\u888b\u3002\u9019\u5169\u500b\u4f8b\u5b50\u88e1\u7684\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u90fd\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u548c\u97f3\u7ba1\u7684\u7c21\u55ae\u98a8\u7b1b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u6a02\u97f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u737b\u7d66\u8056\u6bcd\u746a\u5229\u4e9e\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u795e\u8056\u6bbf\u5802\u5c0d\u5351\u5fae\u7684\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u6c92\u751a\u9ebc\u6b67\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n

\"cantiga_11\"
\u300a\u8056\u6bcd\u980c\u6b4c\u96c6\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a02\u5e2b\u6f14\u594f\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u7684\u63d2\u5716\u3002cantiga 250, Cantigas de Santa Maria, E Codex, El Escorial.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Frauenkirche12\"
\u5fb7\u570b\u5df4\u4f10\u5229\u4e9e\u5730\u5340\u6885\u660e\u6839\u57ce\u8056\u6bcd\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u4e00\u5e451460\u5e74\u524d\u5f8c\u63cf\u7e6a\u5929\u4f7f\u5439\u8457\u8180\u80f1\u98a8\u7b1b\u7684\u58c1\u756b\u3002 Bladder pipe playing angel Frauenkirche, Memmingen, Germany about 1460.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u8180\u80f1\u6a02\u5668\u2014\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\uff08rommelpot\uff09\u2014\u2014\u5c31\u6bd4\u8f03\u5c37\u5c2c\u4e86\u3002\u548c\u98a8\u7b1b\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5e73\u6c11\u6a02\u5668\u4e5f\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u540d\u7a31\u5404\u7570\u3002\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u5c6c\u65bc\u819c\u9cf4\u6a02\u5668\uff08Friction idiophones\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u7e43\u5728\u4f5c\u70ba\u5171\u9cf4\u7bb1\u7684\u7f50\u5b50\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u63d2\u4e0a\u4e00\u6839\u68cd\u5b50\uff0c\u62c9\u52d5\u68cd\u5b50\u9707\u52d5\u8180\u80f1\u8584\u819c\u767c\u8072\u3002\u9019\u7a2e\u6a02\u5668\u88fd\u4f5c\u8d77\u4f86\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u82b1\u9280\u5169\uff0c\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u5de7\u4e5f\u7c21\u55ae\u5230\u7121\u9808\u62dc\u5e2b\u5b78\u85dd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u2026\uff0c\u8aaa\u5be6\u8a71\uff0c\u9084\u771f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u627e\u5230\u9019\u9ebc\u96e3\u807d\u7684\u8072\u97f3\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u4e0d\u66c9\u5f97\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u9084\u8a72\u53eb\u5b83\u201d\u6a02\u201d\uff08\u3129\u311d\u02cb\uff09\u5668\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u53ef\u662f\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u201d\u6a02\u201d\uff08\u310c\u311c\u02cb\uff09\u5668\u3002\u8001\u5e03\u9b6f\u5404\uff08Pieter Bruegel the Elder, c. 1525-69\uff09\u57281559\u5e74\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u5609\u5e74\u83ef\u8207\u56db\u65ec\u9f4b\u7684\u722d\u9b25\u300b\uff08The Fight Between Carnival and Lent<\/em>\uff09\u88e1\uff0c\u5e36\u9818\u5609\u5e74\u83ef\u968a\u4f0d\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5750\u5728\u9152\u6876\u4e0a\u7684\u80d6\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u982d\u9802\u8457\u584a\u8089\u9905\uff0c\u624b\u6301\u4e32\u4e86\u8c6c\u982d\u3001\u70e4\u96de\u548c\u9999\u8178\u7684\u70e4\u8089\u53c9\u7576\u6b66\u5668\uff0c\u65c1\u908a\u52a9\u9663\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6f14\u594f\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u7684\u4e5e\u4e10\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5433\u5716\u4e09\"<\/a>
Pieter Bruegel the Elder, The Fight Between Carnival and Lent\uff08\u5c40\u90e8\uff09, 1559. Oil on oak, 118×164 cm. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4f5b\u862d\u65af\u30fb\u54c8\u723e\u65af\uff08Frans Hals, 1582-1666\uff09\u57281618-1620\u5e74\u9593\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u300a\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u9f13\u624b\u300b\uff08The Rommelpot Player<\/em>\uff09\u88e1\uff0c\u516d\u500b\u5c0f\u5b69\u570d\u7e5e\u8457\u6f14\u594f\u8005\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u8aaa\u53ea\u6709\u5c0f\u5b69\u80fd\u6b23\u8cde\u9019\u7a2e\u97f3\u6a02\u55ce\uff1f\u4e0d\u7ba1\u600e\u9ebc\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5929\u771f\u71e6\u721b\u7684\u7b11\u5bb9\u8b93\u4eba\u5fcd\u4e0d\u4f4f\u540c\u6a02\u8d77\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Frans_Hals_-_Joueur_de_rommelpot_Kimbell\"<\/a>
Frans Hals, The Rommelpot Player, 1618-1620. Oil on canvas, 106×80.3 cm. Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u6a02\u5668\u591a\u534a\u662f\u7528\u4f5c\u6b4c\u5531\u4f34\u594f\u7684\uff0c\u5531\u751a\u9ebc\u5462\uff1f\u8377\u862d\u6709\u9996\u642d\u914d\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u7684\u6b4c\uff1a<\/p>\n

Ik heb zo lang met de foekepot gelopen, ‘k heb geen geld, om brood te kopen. Rommelpotterij, rommetpotterij, Geef mij een centje, dan ga ik voorbij<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e36\u8457\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u9f13\u5531\u904d\u4e86\u56db\u65b9\uff0c\u6399\u4e0d\u5230\u9eb5\u5305\u9322<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8180\u80f1\u9f13\u554a\uff01\u8180\u80f1\u9f13\uff01\u7d66\u6211\u4e00\u89d2\u9322\uff0c\u5c31\u8d70\u4eba<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f88\u9577\u4e00\u6bb5\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u8377\u862d\u5c0f\u5b69\u5728\u9664\u5915\u6216\u5341\u4e00\u6708\u521d\u7684\u8056\u99ac\u4e01\u7bc0\uff08Saint Maarten\uff09\uff0c\u6703\u6328\u5bb6\u6328\u6236\u5531\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6b4c\uff0c\u6709\u9ede\u50cf\u842c\u8056\u7bc0\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u7d66\u7cd6\uff0c\u5c31\u6417\u86cb\u300d\uff0c\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u5011\u53ef\u6b61\u6a02\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\u9580\u524d\u4e00\u5806\u5c0f\u5b69\u300c\u9f13\u300d\u566a\u8457\u5361\u9580\\(^0^)\/\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u90fd\u4e0d\u6703\u541d\u65bc\u8cde\u7d66\u6bcf\u500b\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u4e00\u500b\u9285\u677f\uff0c\u6253\u767c\u4ed6\u5011\u8def\u904e\u53bb\u9694\u58c1\u5531\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5433\u5716\u4e94\"<\/a>
\u8377\u862d\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u65b0\u5e74\u6328\u5bb6\u6328\u6236\u6f14\u594f\u8180\u80f1\u819c\u9f13\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u300c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6490\u958b\u6210\u8584\u819c\u300d\u9019\u500b\u6027\u8cea\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u8b93\u8377\u862d\u5c0f\u670b\u53cb\u5011\u904e\u5e74\u5a1b\u6a02\uff0c\u66f4\u8b93\u5b83\u5728\u7e6a\u756b\u53f2\u4e0a\u767c\u5149\u3002\u7c21\u55ae\u8aaa\uff0c\u63a8\u9032\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u5c31\u5169\u500b\uff1a\u50b3\u627f\u8207\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u800c\u897f\u65b9\u7e6a\u756b\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u9014\u5f91\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u5c0d\u73fe\u5be6\u7684\u89c0\u5bdf\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u5beb\u751f\u300d\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u88e1\u5beb\u751f\u975c\u7269\u3001\u4eba\u9ad4\u9084\u597d\uff0c\u5beb\u751f\u98a8\u666f\u53ef\u662f\u633a\u8907\u96dc\u3002\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8b1b\uff0c\u95dc\u9375\u5728\u6cb9\u756b\u9019\u7a2e\u5a92\u6750\u3002\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u6c34\u5f69\u86cb\u5f69\uff0c\u6cb9\u756b\u4ee5\u4e7e\u6027\u6cb9\uff08\u4e9e\u9ebb\u4ec1\u6cb9\u3001\u6838\u6843\u6cb9\u2026\uff09\u4e7e\u5f8c\u5f62\u6210\u6f06\u819c\u4f86\u9ecf\u8457\u7c89\u72c0\u984f\u6599\uff0c\u597d\u8655\u662f\u4e7e\u5f97\u6162\uff0c\u58de\u8655\u4e5f\u662f\u4e7e\u5f97\u6162\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7814\u78e8\u8272\u6599\u7c89\u672b\u3001\u52a0\u4e0a\u5305\u62ec\u6cb9\u5728\u5167\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u7368\u5bb6\u914d\u6599\u8abf\u88fd\u6210\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u984f\u6599\u5341\u5206\u8cbb\u5de5\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u4e7e\u6389\u5c31\u5ee2\u4e86\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u53eb\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u52a9\u624b\u50cf\u6ce1\u6587\u9752\u5496\u5561\u4f3c\u7684\u73fe\u78e8\u73fe\u7528\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u984f\u8272\u8d70\u4e00\u8d9f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5341\u500b\u984f\u8272\u5c31\u662f\u5341\u8d9f\u3002\u904e\u53bb\u5927\u5e2b\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u5b85\u5b85\uff0c\u602a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4ed6\u5011\uff0c\u8a72\u602a\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u3002\u6cb9\u756b\u98a8\u666f\u5beb\u751f\uff1f\u4e0d\u8981\u8aaa\u6bcf\u6b21\u51fa\u9580\u5beb\u751f\u90fd\u5f97\u5e36\u500b\u5de5\u5ee0\uff0c\u771f\u5e36\u8457\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u984f\u6599\u5099\u597d\u5929\u90fd\u9ed1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4eba\u8aaa\uff1a\u8303\u827e\u514b\uff08Van Eyck\uff09\u5144\u5f1f\u767c\u660e\u4e86\u6cb9\u756b\uff0c\u932f\u3002\u6709\u4eba\u8aaa\uff1a\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u925b\u932b\u7ba1\u662f\u50ac\u751f\u6cb9\u756b\u98a8\u666f\u5beb\u751f\u7684\u4e3b\u56e0\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u932f\uff01\u65e9\u5728\u5370\u8c61\u6d3e\u756b\u5bb6\u51fa\u751f\u524d\u5c31\u5df2\u7d93\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u756b\u5bb6\u4ee5\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u6236\u5916\u5beb\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u78ba\u5b9a\u7684\u5305\u62ec\u74e6\u6717\u4ed9\uff08Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes, 1750-1819\uff09\u3001\u6e6f\u746a\u65af\u30fb\u74ca\u65af\uff08Thomas Jones, 1742-1803\uff09\u3001\u5eb7\u65af\u5854\u4f2f\uff08John Constable, 1776-1837\uff09\u3001\u67ef\u6d1b\uff08Camille Corot, 1796-1875\uff09\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u9019\u4e9b\u756b\u591a\u534a\u5f88\u5c0f\uff0c\u6642\u5e38\u756b\u5728\u7d19\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f46\u78ba\u662f\u8ca8\u771f\u50f9\u5be6\u7684\u6236\u5916\u6cb9\u756b\u5beb\u751f\u3002\u90a3\u9ebc\u2026\u2026\u4ed6\u5011\u600e\u9ebc\u8fa6\u5230\u7684\uff1f\u9760\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u88dd\u8d77\u4f86\u7684\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u30021757\u5e74\u4e00\u672c\u6cd5\u570b\u7e6a\u756b\u96d5\u523b\u8207\u7248\u756b\u8fad\u5178\u5c31\u4ecb\u7d39\u4e86\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\uff0c\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u8abf\u597d\u5f8c\u7528\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u88dd\u8d77\u4f86\u4ee5\u9ebb\u7e69\u675f\u7dca\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6642\u7528\u8c61\u7259\u91dd\u624e\u4e00\u500b\u773c\u64e0\u51fa\u984f\u6599\u3002\u6bcf\u500b\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u5c31\u849c\u7403\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u653e\u5728\u756b\u7bb1\u88e1\u65b9\u4fbf\u5e36\u51fa\u9580\uff0c\u756b\u5f35\u5c0f\u756b\u4e5f\u5118\u5920\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\"N-6544-00-000013-wpu\"
Thomas Jones, A Wall in Naples, 1782. Oil on paper laid on canvas, 11.4×16 cm. The National Gallery, London.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u604d\u7136\u5927\u609f\uff1a\u5594\u5594\uff0c\u539f\u4f86\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6236\u5916\u98a8\u666f\u5beb\u751f\u767c\u660e\u7684\uff01\u5c0d\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u53c8\u932f\u4e86\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u9019\u9ebc\u5927\uff0c\u7e3d\u6709\u4eba\u767c\u73fe\u81ea\u5df1\u78e8\u984f\u6599\u7684\u5929\u4efd\u6bd4\u756b\u756b\u9ad8\uff08\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u8b1b\u4e5f\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u5e02\u5834\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6280\u80fd\u90fd\u6703\u5f62\u6210\u7522\u696d\u3002\u5982\u540c\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u70ba\u4e86\u559d\u725b\u5976\u990a\u4e00\u982d\u725b\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u5730\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u4eba\u6703\u70ba\u4e86\u5076\u723e\u756b\u5f35\u6cb9\u756b\u990a\u4e00\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u574a\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u559c\u611b\u6236\u5916\u6cb9\u756b\u5beb\u751f\u7684\u756b\u5bb6\u3001\u4ee5\u85dd\u8853\u70ba\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6587\u7d20\u990a\u7684\u696d\u9918\u611b\u597d\u8005\u8207\u8cb4\u5a66\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u78e8\u984f\u6599\u7684\u5c31\u6210\u4e86\u984f\u6599\u5546\u5566\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5433\u5716\u4e03\"<\/a>
1760\u5e74\u4ee3\u6839\u8332\u4f2f\u7f85\uff08Thomas Gainsborough\uff09 \u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\u5433\u5716\u516b\"<\/a>
\u5eb7\u65af\u5854\u4f2f\u7684\u984f\u6599\u76d2\uff0c\u5167\u6709\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\uff0c1837\u3002Estate of Sir Edwin A.G. Manton \u00a9 Tate<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

1840\u5e74\u4ee3\u925b\u932b\u984f\u6599\u7ba1\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u8b93\u6cb9\u756b\u984f\u6599\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u651c\u5e36\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u4e26\u672a\u7acb\u523b\u53d6\u4ee3\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u5341\u4e5d\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u90fd\u9084\u6709\u756b\u5bb6\u6301\u7e8c\u4f7f\u7528\u820a\u65b9\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u984f\u6599\u88fd\u9020\u5546\u5404\u6709\u7955\u65b9\uff0c\u756b\u5bb6\u8cb7\u7684\u7562\u7adf\u662f\u984f\u6599\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u984f\u6599\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u5433\u5716\"<\/a>
Giovanni Battista Quadrone, Every Opportunity is Good, 1878. Private collection.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\u5433\u5716\u5341\"<\/a>
\u756b\u67b6\u4e0b\u7684\u849c\u7403\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4f46\u925b\u932b\u984f\u6599\u7ba1\u7d42\u7a76\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u4e0d\u53ca\u4e4b\u8655\uff1a\u6253\u958b\u5f8c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u84cb\u4e0a\u91cd\u8907\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u984f\u6599\u4fdd\u5b58\u66f4\u4e45\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u662f\u2026\u2026\u4eca\u5929\u5c0f\u5b78\u751f\u4e0a\u7f8e\u8853\u8ab2\u90fd\u4e0d\u5e36\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u984f\u6599\u888b\u4e86\u3002\u9019\u6574\u500b\u5f9e\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u5230\u925b\u932b\u7ba1\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u986f\u793a\u7684\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u7522\u696d\u7684\u5206\u5de5\u5316\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5206\u5de5\u5316\u7684\u5f8c\u7e8c\u767c\u5c55\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u6709\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u90e8\u843d\u683c\u9019\u500b\u6771\u897f\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u554a\uff0c\u611f\u8b1d\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\uff0c\u8b9a\u7f8e\u8c6c\u8180\u80f1\u2026<\/p>\n

<\/a>\u53c3\u8003\u8cc7\u6599<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The Centre for the Study of the Cantigas de Santa Maria of Oxford University, http:\/\/csm.mml.ox.ac.uk\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s painting of 1559, \u2018The Fight Between Carnival and Lent<\/em>.\u2019 http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/programmes\/b04xrv9n<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Music in the Daily Life of Vermeer: The Rommelpot,\u3000http:\/\/www.essentialvermeer.com\/folk_music\/rommelpot.html#.W0bld9IzZhE<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    1. Antoine-Joseph Pernety, Dictionnaire portatif de peinture, sculpture et gravure, avec un trait\u00e9 pratique des differentes manieres de peindre, dont la th\u00e9orie est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e dans les articles qui en sont susceptibles…<\/em>, chez Bauche, 1757.<\/li>\n
    2. Anthea Callen, The Work of Art. Plein Air Painting and Artistic Identity in Nineteenth-Century France,<\/em>Reaktion Books, 2015.<\/li>\n
    3. Daily Mail Online, Is this Gainsborough\u2019s paint set? Tiny ‘bladder’ pots found in the <\/em>attic of his former home could belong to master<\/em>: http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/sciencetech\/article-2561926\/Has-Gainsboroughs-paint-set-attic-former-home.html<\/a><\/li>\n
    4. Revolution in Paints. https:\/\/ncartmuseum.org\/pdf\/revolution-supplement.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
    5. Arie Wallert, Erma Hermens, and Marja F. J. Peck, ed., Historical Painting Techniques, Materials, and Studio Practice<\/em>, Preprints of a Symposium, University of Leiden, the Netherlands, 26-29 June 1995, Publications: Getty Conservation Institute.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \"\u87a2\u5e55\u5feb\u7167<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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