{"id":9856,"date":"2021-05-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T16:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=9856"},"modified":"2021-05-14T18:53:30","modified_gmt":"2021-05-14T10:53:30","slug":"%e9%a6%b4%e9%be%9c%e5%b8%ab%e4%b9%8b%e8%ac%8e%ef%bc%9a%e6%9d%b1%e6%96%b9%e4%b8%bb%e7%be%a9%e7%b9%aa%e7%95%ab%e5%a4%a7%e5%b8%abosman-hamdi-bey","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arthistorystrolls.com\/?p=9856","title":{"rendered":"\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u4e4b\u8b0e\uff1a\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7e6a\u756b\u5927\u5e2bOsman Hamdi Bey"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6587 \/ \u5f35\u7dad\u664f<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u5716 1\u3011Osman Hamdi Bey\uff0c\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300b\uff08The Tortoise Trainer\uff09\uff0c1906\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u3001\u5e06\u5e03\uff0c221.5 \u00d7 120 cm\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u54c1\u5716\u7247\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1aPera Museum, Suna and \u0130nan K\u0131ra\u00e7 Foundation\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

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\u9019\u662fOsman Hamdi Bey\u6975\u8ca0\u76db\u540d\u4e4b\u4f5c\u2500\u2500\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300b\uff08The Tortoise Trainer<\/em>\uff0fKaplumba\u011fa Terbiyecisi<\/em>\uff0c1906\u5e74\uff09\u30022004\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u4f4d\u65bc\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5821\u7684Artam Antik A.\u015e. M\u00fczayede\u62cd\u8ce3\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u9019\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u62cd\u51fa\u4e86500\u842c\u91cc\u62c9\uff08\u7d04350\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u7531\u4f69\u62c9\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\uff08Pera Museum\uff09\u8cfc\u85cf\uff0c\u5275\u4e0b\u622a\u81f3\u7576\u5e74\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u571f\u8033\u5176\u756b\u5bb6\u62cd\u51fa\u756b\u4f5c\u50f9\u683c\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u7d00\u9304\uff0c\u4e26\u6210\u70ba\u571f\u8033\u5176\u756b\u53f2\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6a19\u8a8c\u3002\u7576\u7136\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bcOsman Hamdi\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u5927\u5e2b\uff0c\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e26\u975e\u7279\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7d93\u5178\u4f5c\u300a\u95b1\u8b80\u4e2d\u7684\u5e74\u8f15\u5973\u58eb\u300b\uff08Young Woman Reading<\/em>\uff0c1880\u5e74\uff09\u65bc2019\u5e74\u5728\u82f1\u570b\u90a6\u701a\u65af\uff08Bonhams\uff09\u570b\u969b\u62cd\u8ce3\u884c\u4ee5630\u842c\u82f1\u938a\uff08\u7d04780\u842c\u7f8e\u5143\uff09\u62cd\u51fa\u3002\u904e\u53bb20\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u756b\u5bb6\u4f5c\u54c1\u50f9\u683c\u6210\u500d\u8e8d\u5347\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u754c\u5c0d\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7e6a\u756b\u7684\u597d\u5947\u548c\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002<\/p>\n

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18\u4e16\u7d00\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u5b71\u5f31\u7684\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u5e1d\u570b\u53d7\u5916\u4fae\u58d3\u8feb\u3002\u8607\u4e39\u963f\u535c\u675c\u52d2\u9081\u5409\u5fb7\u4e00\u4e16\uff08Sultan Abd\u00fclmecid\uff0c1823\uff0d1861\uff09\u57281839\u5e74\u9812\u5e03\u300a\u82b1\u5ef3\u5fa1\u8a54\u300b\uff08G\u00fclhane Hatt-\u0131 \u015eerif\uff09\uff0c\u81ea\u6b64\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5766\u5fd7\u9ea5\u7279\u300d\uff08Tanzimat\uff0c\u610f\u70ba\u300c\u91cd\u7d44\u300d\uff09\u7684\u6539\u9769\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u76f4\u81f31876\u5e74\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u61b2\u653f\u6642\u671f\u70ba\u6b62\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u9010\u6f38\u5728\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u5e1d\u570b\u767c\u9175\u3002\u5e1d\u570b\u572818\u81f319\u4e16\u7d00\u9593\u9032\u884c\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u300c\u897f\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u300d\uff08\u201cWesternization Movement\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u6e34\u671b\u81ea\u897f\u65b9\u77e5\u8b58\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u9032\u6b65\u7684\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\u7372\u76ca\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u6d3e\u51fa\u5927\u4f7f\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u4ea4\u6d41\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u5e36\u56de\u65b0\u77e5\u548c\u5be6\u7528\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u85dd\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u6709\u7684\u8607\u4e39\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u71b1\u611b\u7f8e\u8853\u8207\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u756b\u5bb6\u88ab\u9001\u81f3\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u5982\u99ac\u54c8\u8302\u5fb7\u4e8c\u4e16\uff08Mahmut II\uff0c\u5728\u4f4d1808\uff0d1839\uff09\u671f\u9593\uff0cFerik \u0130brahim Pa\u015fa\uff081815 \u2013 1891\uff09\u548cFerik Tevfik Pa\u015fa\uff081819\u20131866\uff09\u5169\u4f4d\u756b\u5bb6\u90fd\u662f\u88ab\u6d3e\u5230\u6b50\u6d32\u5b78\u7fd2\u897f\u65b9\u7e6a\u756b\u6280\u6cd5\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u3002\u9019\u6642\uff0c\u5e1d\u570b\u5df2\u958b\u59cb\u57f9\u990a\u756b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c07\u7e6a\u756b\u7d0d\u5165\u6559\u80b2\u8ab2\u7a0b\u30021873\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u9054\u9b6f\u85a9\u6cd5\u5361\u9ad8\u4e2d\uff08Dar\u00fc\u015f\u015fafaka High School\uff09\u751a\u81f3\u57f9\u80b2\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u5f8c\u4f86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u756b\u5bb6\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u671f\u756b\u5bb6\u7d93\u5e38\u904b\u7528\u7167\u7247\u9032\u884c\u4f5c\u756b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7e6a\u756b\u8868\u73fe\u8da8\u65bc\u523b\u677f\uff0c\u6b20\u7f3a\u500b\u6027\u5316\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u8868\u73fe\u3002[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

Osman Hamdi Bey\uff081842\u20131910\uff09\u7684\u7236\u89aa\u662f\u5e1d\u570b\u8981\u54e1\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u300c\u5927\u7dad\u9f4a\u723e\u300d\uff08Grand Vizier\uff0c\u76f8\u7576\u65bc\u5bb0\u76f8\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u51fa\u4efb\u904e\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u9577\u548c\u5927\u4f7f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u7a2e\u74b0\u5883\u751f\u9577\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ed6\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u5b78\u7fd2\u689d\u4ef6\u548c\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u8d77\u5148\u4ed6\u5b78\u7fd2\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7d42\u4ecd\u9075\u5faa\u71b1\u611b\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u672c\u5fc3\u30021860\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u9060\u8d74\u5df4\u9ece\uff0c\u5728\u7e6a\u756b\u4e0a\u53d7\u8457\u540d\u6cd5\u570b\u756b\u5bb6Jean-L\u00e9on G\u00e9r\u00f4me\uff081824\uff0d1904\uff09\u53caGustave Boulanger\uff081824\uff0d1888\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u8868\u73fe\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u98a8\u683c\u4e4b\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eae\u9e97\u3001\u660e\u5feb\u3001\u8f15\u76c8\u611f\u5341\u8db3\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u53ca\u7b46\u89f8\uff0c\u662fOsman Hamdi\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7279\u8272\u3002\u904b\u7528\u5be6\u969b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5834\u666f\u5165\u756b\uff08\u5982\u6e05\u771f\u5bfa\uff09\uff0c\u642d\u914d\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u6587\u5316\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u88dd\u98fe\u6027\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u63cf\u7e6a\u7a7f\u8457\u50b3\u7d71\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u670d\u98fe\u3001\u8209\u624b\u6295\u8db3\u98a8\u60c5\u842c\u7a2e\u7684\u512a\u96c5\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7279\u8cea\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u5728\u773e\u591a\u571f\u8033\u5176\u756b\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7368\u6a39\u4e00\u683c\u3002\u300a\u4e8c\u540d\u6a02\u4f0e\u300b\u3010\u57162\u3011\u4fbf\u662f\u7d93\u5178\u7bc4\u4f8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u756b\u9762\u4e2d\u7ad9\u7acb\u7684\u5973\u5b50\u5f48\u8457\u300c\u5766\u5e03\u62c9\u7434\u300d\uff08Tambur\uff0c\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u50b3\u7d71\u9577\u9838\u64a5\u5f26\u6a02\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u8dea\u5750\u8005\u5247\u624b\u6301\u300c\u9054\u535c\u300d\uff08 daf \uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u624b\u9f13\uff09\uff0c\u5979\u5011\u7e8f\u8457\u982d\u5dfe\u3001\u4e00\u8972\u7d62\u9e97\u50b3\u7d71\u9577\u888d\u3002\u5e73\u8861\u7a69\u5b9a\u7684\u69cb\u5716\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5efa\u7bc9\u3001\u5730\u6bef\u4ee5\u53ca\u5973\u5b50\u670d\u88dd\u4e0a\u7684\u7e41\u8907\u7d0b\u98fe\u76f8\u4e92\u896f\u6258\uff0c\u8b93\u9019\u4ef6\u8096\u50cf\u756b\u9952\u5bcc\u5f62\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u6027\u3002\u300c\u897f\u5316\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u6642\u671f\u7684\u8096\u50cf\uff0c\u7d93\u5e38\u8868\u73fe\u5973\u6027\u95b1\u8b80\u3001\u5f48\u594f\u6a02\u5668\u7b49\uff0c\u5e36\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u555f\u8499\u3001\u958b\u5316\u7684\u96b1\u55bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u5716 2\u3011Osman Hamdi Bey\uff0c\u300a\u4e8c\u540d\u6a02\u4f0e\u300b\uff08Two Musician Girls\uff09\uff0c1880\u5e74\uff0c\u6cb9\u5f69\u3001\u5e06\u5e03\uff0c39 \u00d7 58 cm\u3002\uff08\u4f5c\u54c1\u5716\u7247\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1aPera Museum, Suna and \u0130nan K\u0131ra\u00e7 Foundation\uff09<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Osman Hamdi\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u5167\u6db5\u5728\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0a\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u722d\u8b70\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u5b78\u8005\u548c\u85dd\u8a55\u5bb6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5176\u85dd\u8853\u6240\u900f\u9732\u7684\u5be6\u8cea\u5e95\u860a\uff0c\u6bd4\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u756b\u5bb6\u6709\u904e\u4e4b\u800c\u7121\u4e0d\u53ca\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u63d0\u7149\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6771\u65b9\u7cbe\u795e\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ad6\u8ff0\u5247\u76f4\u6307\u4ed6\u7684\u5167\u5728\u570b\u65cf\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u9019\u4f4d\u756b\u5bb6\u5728\u6cd5\u570b\u5c45\u7559\u4e00\u6bb5\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5169\u4efb\u59bb\u5b50\u7686\u70ba\u6cd5\u570b\u4eba\uff0c\u4e26\u90fd\u53eb\u505a\u300c\u746a\u8389\u300d\uff08Marie\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u64c5\u9577\u6cd5\u8a9e\uff0c\u66f8\u4fe1\u5e38\u7528\u6cd5\u6587\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u9032\u6b65\u6587\u660e\u8207\u6cd5\u570b\u7559\u5b78\u6b77\u7a0b\u8b93\u4ed6\u53cd\u7701\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7684\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u51fa\u8eab\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u4e16\u5bb6\u7684\u9a55\u50b2\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u4ed6\u5c0d\u570b\u65cf\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\u3002\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6Edhem Eldem\u662f\u7814\u7a76Osman Hamdi Bey\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u8003\u8b49Osman Hamdi\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e26\u8a8d\u70ba\u5118\u7ba1\u4ed6\u76f8\u7576\u611b\u570b\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u300c\u64c1\u6709\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u985e\u578b\u4e0b\u300e\u6240\u5b78\u5230\u7684\u300f\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5805\u5be6\u57fa\u790e<\/span>\u300d\uff08\u201cpossessed a strong base of \u2018acquired\u2019 Orientalism of a western kind\u201d\uff09\u3002[3]<\/a>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9019\u4f4d\u756b\u5bb6\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u571f\u8033\u5176\u85dd\u58c7\u8209\u8db3\u8f15\u91cd\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0c\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u958b\u62d3\u571f\u8033\u5176\u7f8e\u8853\u767c\u5c55\u548c\u7b56\u5c55\u7684\u5148\u92d2\u3002\u4ed6\u65bc1882\u5e74\u5275\u7acb\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5821\u570b\u7acb\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\uff08Istanbul State Academy of Fine Arts\uff09\uff0c\u4e26\u57281891\u5e74\u5efa\u7acb\u4f0a\u65af\u5766\u5821\u8003\u53e4\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff08Istanbul Archaeology Museums\uff09\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u8077\u4f4d\u4e4b\u4fbf\uff0c\u529b\u4fc3\u535a\u7269\u9928\u8207\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u9769\u65b0\u53ca\u5c0d\u5916\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a>
\u3010\u5716 3\u3011L. Cr\u00e9pon\uff0c\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u4eba\u300b\uff08A Tortoise-Charmer\uff09\uff0c1869\u5e74\uff0c\u7248\u756b\u63d2\u5716\u3002 \u5716\u7247\u63d0\u4f9b\uff1a Aim\u00e9 Humbert, Japan and the Japanese Illustrated<\/em>, Tr. by Mrs. Cashel Hoey and ed. by H. W. Bates. (London: R. Bentley & son, 1874), p. 220.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Eldem\u66fe\u5c0dOsman Hamdi\u9032\u884c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7a76\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u767c\u73fe\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300b\u9019\u5e45\u756b\u4f5c\u7684\u6df5\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u8207\u4e00\u5e45\u7531L. Cr\u00e9pon\uff08\u751f\u5352\u4e0d\u8a73\uff09\u6240\u4f5c\u540d\u70ba\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u4eba\u300b\uff08\u201cCharmeur de tortues\u201d\uff0fA Tortoise-Charmer\uff09\u3010\u57163\u3011\u7684\u7248\u756b\u63d2\u5716\u6709\u95dc\u3002[4]<\/a>\u9019\u5f35\u63d2\u5716\u88ab\u6536\u9304\u572819\u4e16\u7d00\u745e\u58eb\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u66a8\u65c5\u904a\u4f5c\u5bb6Aim\u00e9 Humbert\uff081819\uff0d1900\uff09\u7684\u300a\u65e5\u672c\u8207\u65e5\u672c\u4eba\u5716\u7e6a\u4e8b\u5178\u300b\uff08Japan and the Japanese Illustrated<\/em>\uff0c\u539f\u66f8\u540d\uff1aLe Japon illustr\u00e9<\/em>\uff0c1870\u5e74\u521d\u7248\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u5176\u5be6\u8a72\u5716\u51fa\u81eaHumbert\u57281869\u5e74\u66fe\u767c\u8868\u65bc\u6cd5\u570b\u77e5\u540d\u65c5\u904a\u520a\u7269\u300a\u74b0\u904a\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u65b0\u822a\u6d77\u65e5\u8a18\u300b\uff08Le Tour du monde: nouveau journal des voyages\uff09\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u3008\u65e5\u672c\u3009\uff08Le Japon<\/em>\uff09\u3002[5]<\/a>\u756b\u4e2d\u7684\u6771\u65b9\u8001\u4eba\u8f15\u64ca\u5c0f\u9f13\uff0c\u6253\u8457\u7bc0\u594f\uff0c\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u70cf\u9f9c\u9015\u81ea\u6210\u5217\u76f8\u758a\uff0c\u756b\u9762\u770b\u4f86\u65e2\u8ae7\u8da3\u53c8\u795e\u79d8\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\u5fc5\u9808\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u99b4\u9f9c\u9019\u7a2e\u7fd2\u4fd7\u4e26\u4e0d\u5c6c\u65bc\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u756b\u5bb6\u8f49\u5316\u4e86\u6771\u65b9\u6c11\u4fd7\u96dc\u6280\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u9952\u5bcc\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u98a8\u60c5\u7684\u756b\u4f5c\u5167\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4e8c\u4f5c\u5728\u8868\u73fe\u4e0a\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u8655\uff0c\u64daEldem\u8003\u5bdf\uff0cOsman Hamdi\u66fe\u57281869\u5e74\u5beb\u7d66\u7236\u89aaIbrahim Edhem Pasha\uff081819\u20131893\uff09\u7684\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5766\u8a00\u5df2\u95b1\u89bd\u904e\u5176\u7236\u5bc4\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u74b0\u904a\u4e16\u754c\uff1a\u65b0\u822a\u6d77\u65e5\u8a18\u300b\u3002\u81f3\u65bc\u70ba\u4f55\u300c\u99b4\u9f9c\u4eba\u300d\u7684\u5716\u5f0f\u7d93\u904e37\u5e74\u5f8c\u624d\u767c\u9175\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300b\u9019\u4ef6\u756b\u4f5c\u7684\u9748\u611f\uff1f\u6b64\u554f\u984c\u59cb\u7d42\u7dad\u6301\u8457\u60f3\u50cf\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u4f4d\u5b78\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u756b\u4f5c\u4e2d\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u662f\u626e\u6210\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u82e6\u884c\u50e7\uff08Dervish\uff09\u7684Osman Hamdi Bey\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u6703\u7a7f\u4e0a\u50b3\u7d71\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u670d\u98fe\u5145\u7576\u6a21\u7279\u5152\uff0c\u4e26\u7d93\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7167\u7247\u9032\u884c\u63cf\u7e6a\u3002\u6839\u64da\u6b64\u7a2e\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u9577\u8005\u982d\u4e0a\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\u7e8f\u7e5e\u5169\u7a2e\u4e0d\u540c\u82b1\u8272\u7684\u6642\u5c1a\u982d\u5dfe\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u540c\u6642\u8868\u5fb5\u8457\u897f\u65b9\u8207\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u7684\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u547c\u61c9\u8457\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u990a\u6210\u6b77\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e1d\u570b\u6240\u63a5\u7d0d\u7684\u897f\u5316\u904e\u7a0b\u3002\u5730\u4e0a\u7684\u70cf\u9f9c\u5247\u8c61\u5fb5\u9032\u6b65\u7de9\u6162\u7684\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u5e1d\u570b\u9ad4\u5236\uff0c\u7260\u5011\u6709\u8457\u5805\u5be6\u537b\u539a\u91cd\u7684\u5916\u6bbc\uff0c\u7336\u5982\u9019\u500b\u6b77\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\u537b\u9072\u6eef\u4e0d\u524d\u7684\u5e1d\u570b\u3002\u9577\u8005\u8a66\u5716\u4ee5\u6a02\u5668\u4f86\u8a13\u7df4\u70cf\u9f9c\uff0c\u6a02\u5668\u5728\u756b\u4e0a\u8868\u5fb5\u8457\u300c\u85dd\u8853\u300d\uff0c\u5bd3\u610f\u4ee5\u85dd\u8853\u6587\u5316\u4f86\u6539\u5584\u73fe\u72c0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b78\u8005\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u9019\u4ef6\u4f5c\u54c1\u6697\u793a\u8457Osman Hamdi\u5728\u63a8\u884c\u6587\u5316\u653f\u7b56\u6642\u906d\u9047\u7684\u56f0\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9762\u5c0d\u666e\u904d\u793e\u6703\u5c0d\u65bc\u6539\u9769\u6642\u653f\u7684\u6392\u65a5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u904e\uff0cEdhem Eldem\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u500b\u89c0\u9ede\u503c\u5f97\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u6b64\u4f5c\u539f\u5148\u57281906\u5e74\u5df4\u9ece\u6c99\u9f8d\u5c55\u51fa\u6642\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300a\u7537\u5b50\u8207\u70cf\u9f9c\u300b\uff08L’homme aux tortues\/ The Man with Tortoises<\/em>\uff09\uff0cOsman Hamdi \u53bb\u4e162\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u8a72\u4f5c\u5728\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u756b\u5bb6\u5354\u6703\uff08Society of Ottoman Artists\uff0c1909\u5e74\u5275\u7acb\uff09\u5831\u520a\u4e2d\u7a31\u4f5c\u300c\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300d\uff08Kaplumba\u011fa M\u00fcrebbisi\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u571f\u8033\u5176\u6587\u300cm\u00fcrebbi\u300d\u8a9e\u610f\u4e0a\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u300c\u7167\u8b77\u4e4b\u4eba\uff0f\u98fc\u80b2\u8005\u300d\uff08caretaker\/ feeder\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u54c1\u540d\u7a31\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u5f71\u97ff\u4e86\u6574\u5e45\u756b\u610f\u7684\u5224\u65b7\u3002\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cOsman Hamdi\u65e8\u5728\u5c07\u9060\u6771\uff08Far Eastern\uff09\u7684\u96dc\u6280\u5834\u666f\uff0c\u8f49\u5316\u70ba\u5177\u5099\u51a5\u60f3\u8207\u795e\u7955\u6c1b\u570d\u7684\u8fd1\u6771\uff08Near Eastern\uff09\u5834\u57df\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u62f1\u7246\u4e0a\u7684\u9298\u6587\u66f8\u5beb\u8457\u300c\u5fc3\u9748\u7684\u6170\u85c9\u662f\u8207\u5fc3\u611b\u4e4b\u4eba\u76f8\u9047<\/span>\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u7834\u788e\u525d\u843d\u7684\u78da\u7246\u5247\u8c61\u5fb5\u8457\u8150\u673d\u800c\u9673\u5e74\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u3002[6]<\/a><\/p>\n

Osman Hamdi Bey\u7d55\u5c0d\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u571f\u8033\u5176\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u8207\u6771\u65b9\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7e6a\u756b\u767c\u5c55\u6642\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u6a19\u8a8c\u6027\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u9952\u5bcc\u5bd3\u610f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5145\u5206\u5c55\u73fe\u9102\u5716\u66fc\u7684\u9bae\u660e\u8272\u5f69\u3002\u300a\u99b4\u9f9c\u5e2b\u300b\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u540c\u6240\u6709\u85dd\u8853\u53f2\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u8b0e\u6a23\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u958b\u653e\u6027\u8a6e\u91cb\u3002\u900f\u904e\u756b\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u7d30\u7bc0\u7dda\u7d22\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u500b\u4eba\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u63a8\u6e2c\u90fd\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u66f4\u9760\u8fd1\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u672c\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Edward Sell, The Ottoman Turks<\/em> (Madras: The Christian Literature Society, 1915), p. 64.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> G\u00f6n\u00fcl Uzelli, \u201cImpacts of Westernization on Turkish Painting: Osman Hamdi Bey – Vasiliy Vereshchagin,\u201d Cappadocia Journal of History and Social Sciences<\/em> Vol. 9 (October, 2017), pp. 197-204.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Edhem Eldem, \u201cMaking Sense of Osman Hamdi Bey and His Paintings,\u201d Muqarnas<\/em> Vol. 29 (2012), p. 374.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Edem, 349\uff0d350.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Aim\u00e9 Humbert, \u201cLe Japon<\/em>,\u201d Le Tour du Monde, Nouveau Journal des Voyages <\/em>19 (1869): 402.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> Edem, 350\uff0d354.<\/p>\n\n\n

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